Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 47, Shloka 16

अक्षवधः (The Slaying of Prince Aksha)

Sundarakāṇḍa Sarga 47

Devanagari script

ततस्स पिङ्गाधिपमन्त्रिसत्तमः समीक्ष्य तं राजवरात्मजं रणे।उदग्रचित्रायुधचित्रकार्मुकं जहर्ष चापूर्यत चाहवोन्मुखः।।5.47.16।।

Transliteration

tatas sa piṅgādhipa-mantri-sattamaḥ samīkṣya taṁ rāja-varātmajaṁ raṇe |

udagra-citrāyudha-citra-kārmukaṁ jaharṣa cāpūryata cāhavonmukhaḥ || 5.47.16 ||

Translation

তখন পিঙ্গলনয়নাধিপ (সুগ্রীব)-এর শ্রেষ্ঠ মন্ত্রী হনুমান্ রণে সেই রাজপুত্রকে দেখলেন—যিনি বিচিত্র ও দীপ্তিময় অস্ত্রসহ মনোহর ধনুক ধারণ করেছিলেন। তাঁকে দেখে হনুমান্ হর্ষিত হলেন এবং সম্পূর্ণভাবে যুদ্ধাভিমুখ হলেন।

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय-रूपम्)
• Form: अव्ययम् (क्रियाविशेषणम्) — ‘ततः’ = तस्मात्/तदनन्तरम् (thereafter/then)

• सः: he (Hanuman)
• सः: कर्ता (Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., nominative sg.)

• पिङ्गाधिपमन्त्रिसत्तमः: the best minister of Piṅgādhipa (Sugriva)
• पिङ्गाधिपमन्त्रिसत्तमः: कर्ता (Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिङ्गाधिप + मन्त्रि + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., nominative sg.); समासः = षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पिङ्गाधिपस्य मन्त्रि-सत्तमः = ‘best minister of the tawny-eyed lord’)

• समीक्ष्य: having observed
• समीक्ष्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + ईक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययम् (gerund/absolutive) — ‘having observed/after seeing’

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., accusative sg.)

• राजवरात्मजम्: the prince (son of the excellent king)
• राजवरात्मजम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजवर + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., accusative sg.); समासः = षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (राजवरस्य आत्मजः = ‘son of the best king’)

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (neut., locative sg.)

• उदग्रचित्रायुधचित्रकार्मुकम्: (him) with splendid, raised weapons and a splendid bow
• उदग्रचित्रायुधचित्रकार्मुकम्: विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदग्र + चित्र + आयुध + चित्र + कार्मुक (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., accusative sg.); समासः = कर्मधारय-प्रधानः (उदग्रं च चित्रं च आयुधं यस्य; चित्रं कार्मुकं यस्य) — ‘having lofty/splendid, variegated weapons and a variegated bow’ (qualifies ‘तम्/राजवरात्मजम्’)

• जहर्ष: rejoiced
• जहर्ष: क्रिया (Main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृष् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम् (3rd sg. perfect, parasmaipada)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम् (समुच्चय-बोधकः conjunction)

• अपूर्यत: was filled / was made ready (prepared)
• अपूर्यत: क्रिया (Co-ordinate action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + पूर् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (अनद्यतनभूत/Imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्/कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (3rd sg. imperfect, passive sense: ‘was filled/was made ready’)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम् (समुच्चय-बोधकः conjunction)

• आहवोन्मुखः: ready/turned toward battle
• आहवोन्मुखः: विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आहव + उन्मुख (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (masc., nominative sg.); समासः = तत्पुरुषः (आहवे उन्मुखः = ‘turned toward battle/ready for battle’)

Context

Hanuman, the esteemed minister of the coppery-eyed Sugriva observed the prince holding manifold splendid weapons. He rejoiced, grew in size ready to fight, making the necessary prepararions (taking the required position).

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sugrīva (Piṅgādhipa)
• Akṣa (Rāvaṇa’s son)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as devoted service and duty: Hanumān acts as a responsible envoy and warrior for Rāma’s cause, meeting threats without fear while remaining aligned to his mission.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān sees Akṣa’s impressive martial display and responds by becoming fully prepared to engage him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Zeal in duty (utsāha) and courage—Hanumān’s readiness to face escalating opposition.