Shloka 11

Devanagari script

स पुत्रमेकं राज्याय पालयेति नियुज्य च।पृथिवीं क्षत्रधर्मेण वनमेवान्वपद्यत।।1.55.11।।

Transliteration

sa putram ekaṃ rājyāya pālayeti niyujya ca | pṛthivīṃ kṣatradharmeṇa vanam evānvapadyata || 1.55.11 ||

Translation

তিনি এক পুত্রকে ‘রাজ্য রক্ষা কর’ বলে নিযুক্ত করলেন; ক্ষত্রিয়ধর্ম অনুসারে রাজ্যভার অর্পণ করে নিজে অরণ্যে গমন করলেন।

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• एकम्: one
• एकम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'पुत्रम्' इति विशेष्यस्य संख्याविशेषणम्

• राज्याय: for the kingdom (to rule)
• राज्याय: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient-Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/Dative), एकवचन; प्रयोजन/सम्प्रदानार्थे

• पालय: rule / protect
• पालय: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पाल् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• इति: thus
• इति: सम्बन्ध (Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• नियुज्य: having appointed
• नियुज्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Pūrvakāla-kriyā/Anterior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि+युज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभावः (absolutive/gerund); 'having appointed/assigned'

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पृथिवीम्: the earth
• पृथिवीम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• क्षत्रधर्मेण: by/according to the kshatriya code
• क्षत्रधर्मेण: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument-Mode)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: क्षत्रस्य धर्मः); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; साधन/प्रकारार्थे

• वनम्: the forest
• वनम्: कर्म (Karma/Goal as object of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• अन्वपद्यत: went to / entered / resorted to
• अन्वपद्यत: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु+पद् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्

Context

Viswamitra, having entrusted one of his remaining sons to rule the kingdom in accordance with the kshatriya tradition reached the forest.

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as duty before withdrawal: even while turning to austerity, Viśvāmitra ensures orderly governance by delegating royal responsibility, avoiding harm to subjects.

What is the narrative situation?

After defeat, Viśvāmitra decides to pursue spiritual power; before leaving, he installs a son as ruler and then goes to the forest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Responsibility and discipline—renunciation is not escapism but is preceded by proper discharge of worldly obligations.