Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 84, Shloka 6

गुहस्य सन्देहः, गङ्गातीर-रक्षा, भरतस्य सत्कारः

Guha’s Suspicion, Securing the Ganga Bank, and Hospitality to Bharata

Devanagari script

भर्ताचैव सखाचैव रामो दाशरथिर्मम।तस्यार्थकामास्सन्नद्धा गङ्गाऽनूपे प्रतिष्ठत।।।।

Transliteration

bhartā caiva sakhā caiva rāmo dāśarathir mama |

tasyārthakāmāḥ sannaddhā gaṅgā ’nūpe pratiṣṭhata ||

Translation

দশরথপুত্র রাম আমার প্রভুও বটে, বন্ধুও বটে। অতএব তাঁর স্বার্থরক্ষার জন্য সজ্জিত হয়ে গঙ্গার তটভূমিতে অবস্থান করো।

Word by Word

• nirīkṣya: having looked at
• nirīkṣya: Hetu/Anukāla (हेतु/अनुकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nir-īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)

• anugatām: following/that had followed
• anugatām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anu-gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gam with anu)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त; विशेषण to senām

• senām: army
• senām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: senā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• tām: that
• tām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण to gaṅgām

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• gaṅgām: Ganga
• gaṅgām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• śivodakām: with sacred water
• śivodakām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śiva-udaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'शिवम् उदकम् यस्याः' / 'शिवं उदकं' (auspicious/sacred water)

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• sacivān: ministers
• sacivān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saciva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• sarvān: all
• sarvān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण to sacivān

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• vākyakovidaḥ: skilled in speech
• vākyakovidaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक) + kovida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'वाक्येषु कोविदः'

Context

Rama, son of Dasaratha, is not only my master but also my friend. Therefore, to safeguard his interests remain stationed here on the bank of the river Ganga.

Characters & Entities

• Guha
• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Gaṅgā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as faithful guardianship: when one recognizes a righteous person as lord and friend, one protects his welfare without wavering.

What is the narrative situation?

Guha orders his people to hold the Gaṅgā bank defensively to safeguard Rāma’s interests.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyal friendship (sakhya) joined with service (bhṛtya-bhāva): Guha treats devotion and protection as a duty.