Valmiki Ramayana 2.71.5: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 71, Shloka 5

भरतस्य अयोध्याप्रत्यागमनम्

Bharata’s Return Journey and the Distant Sight of Ayodhya

Devanagari script

सरस्वतीं च गङ्गां च युग्मेन प्रतिपद्यच।

उत्तरान्वीरमत्स्यानां भारुण्डं प्राविशद्वनम्।।2.71.5।।

Transliteration

sarasvatīṃ ca gaṅgāṃ ca yugmena pratipadya ca | uttarān vīramatsyānāṃ bhāruṇḍaṃ prāviśad vanam ||2.71.5||

Translation

সরস্বতী ও গঙ্গার সঙ্গমে একসঙ্গে পৌঁছে, বীরমৎস্য দেশের উত্তরভাগ অতিক্রম করে ভরত ভারুণ্ড বনে প্রবেশ করলেন।

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Word by Word

• sarasvatīm: Sarasvatī (river)
• sarasvatīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarasvatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative Singular (river-name)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• gaṅgām: Gaṅgā (river)
• gaṅgām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative Singular (river-name)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• yugmena: at the confluence (as a pair)
• yugmena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yugma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; ‘by/at the pair (confluence)’

• pratipadya: having reached
• pratipadya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati + pad (प्रति + पद्) (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), ‘having reached/arrived at’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• uttarān: northwards
• uttarān: Gati/Deśa (गति/देश)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative Plural; used adverbially ‘northwards’; agreeing with implied ‘deśān/pathān’ or as directional qualifier

• vīramatsyānām: of the Vīramatsya people/region
• vīramatsyānām: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīramatsya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive Plural; कर्मधारय: vīra + matsya; region-name

• bhāruṇḍam: Bhāruṇḍa (named)
• bhāruṇḍam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhāruṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular; proper adjective qualifying vanam

• prāviśat: entered
• prāviśat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + viś (प्र + विश्) (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• vanam: forest
• vanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular

Context

He crossed the swift-flowing river known as Kulinga surrounded by hills and pleasing to the mind. Thereafter on crossing Yamuna he made his army rest on the otherside.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Sarasvatī
• Gaṅgā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is duty in motion—Bharata’s swift travel underscores commitment to rightful responsibility rather than personal comfort.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration maps Bharata’s route as he returns toward Ayodhya, naming rivers, regions, and forests crossed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Determination and urgency—his progress through difficult terrain reflects steadfastness toward duty.