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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 49, Shloka 18

एकोनपञ्चाशः सर्गः (Sarga 49): Rāma’s Night Journey Beyond Kosala and the Charioteer Address

स तमध्वानमैक्ष्वाकस्सूतं मधुरया गिरा।तं तमर्थमभिप्रेत्य ययौ वाक्यमुदीरयन्।।।।

sa tam adhvānam aikṣvākaḥ sūtaṁ madhurayā girā | taṁ tam artham abhipretya yayau vākyam udīrayan ||

তখন ইক্ষ্বাকুবংশীয় রাজপুত্র মধুর বাক্যে সূতকে সম্বোধন করে, মনে উদিত ভাবগুলি উচ্চারণ করতে করতে সেই পথেই অগ্রসর হলেন।

सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
तम्that
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
अध्वानम्the road/journey
अध्वानम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
ऐक्ष्वाकःthe Ikṣvāku prince (Rama)
ऐक्ष्वाकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऐक्ष्वाक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine); इक्ष्वाकुवंशज (descendant of Ikṣvāku)
सूतम्the charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
मधुरयाwith sweet
मधुरया:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine); विशेषणम् गिरा (qualifies 'speech')
गिराwith speech/words
गिरा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)
तम्that
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
तम्that very
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine); पुनरुक्ति (emphatic repetition)
अर्थम्matter/intent
अर्थम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
अभिप्रेत्यhaving intended/considered
अभिप्रेत्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि + प्र + इ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययवत् (indeclinable); 'having intended/considered'
ययौwent
ययौ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
वाक्यम्words/speech
वाक्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
उदीरयन्uttering
उदीरयन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + ईर् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. Sing.), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine); कर्तरि (while uttering)

Watching the villages furrowed at the outskirts, forests in blossom, hearing the gossips of the people living in the midst of villages, Rama felt he was moving very slowly whereas he had actually covered a long distance with those excellent (swift) horses.

R
Rāma (Aikṣvāka)
I
Ikṣvāku (dynastic reference)
C
charioteer (sūta)

FAQs

Dharma is gentle truthfulness in conduct: Rama’s sweet, measured speech while proceeding on his path shows inner steadiness—right action joined with right speech.

The narration summarizes that Rama continues the journey, voicing his reflections to the charioteer.

Composed communication—Rama’s thoughts are expressed without harshness, showing calm leadership.