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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 20, Shloka 45

अयोध्याकाण्डे विंशः सर्गः

Rama Enters Kauśalyā’s Antaḥpura; Ritual Preparations and the Shock of Exile

दश सप्त च वर्षाणि जातस्य तव राघवअतितानि प्रकाङ्क्षन्त्या मया दुःखपरिक्षयम्।।।।

daśa sapta ca varṣāṇi jātasya tava rāghava atītāni prakāṅkṣantyā mayā duḥkhaparikṣayam ||

হে রাঘব! তোমার যৌবন-প্রাপ্তির পর সতেরো বছর অতিক্রান্ত হয়েছে; এতদিন আমি দুঃখের অবসান কামনা করে ব্যাকুল হয়ে দিন কাটিয়েছি।

दशten
दश:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaśan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral (संख्या), indeclinable-like in usage; here qualifying varṣāṇi
सप्तseven
सप्त:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral, indeclinable-like; qualifying varṣāṇi
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
वर्षाणिyears
वर्षाणि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Plural
जातस्यof (you) having been born
जातस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootjāta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPPP (क्त) from √jan; Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6/षष्ठी), Singular; with tava: 'of you who were born/initiated'
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Genitive, Singular
राघवO Rāghava
राघव:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अतीतानिhave passed
अतीतानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootatīta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPPP (क्त) from √i with ati; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural; agrees with varṣāṇi
प्रकाङ्क्षन्त्याby (me) longing for
प्रकाङ्क्षन्त्या:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-kāṅkṣantī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPresent participle (शतृ) from √kāṅkṣ with pra; Feminine, Instrumental, Singular; agrees with mayā (speaker)
मयाby me
मया:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Instrumental, Singular
दुःखपरिक्षयम्the end of sorrow
दुःखपरिक्षयम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha-pari-kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa: duḥkha + parikṣaya (end/cessation); Masculine, Accusative, Singular; object of prakāṅkṣantyā

O Rama, I have spent the last seventeen years after your birth with the expectaion that my sorrows would come to an end.

R
Rāma

FAQs

The verse reflects steadfastness (dhṛti) in adversity—enduring suffering while holding to rightful hopes rather than turning to wrongdoing.

Kausalyā recalls the long period during which she hoped Rāma’s maturity and future kingship would end her grief, only to see that hope shattered by the exile order.

Perseverance and maternal devotion—she has endured years of pain sustained by faith in her son’s destiny.