Shloka 65

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

आचामेत् पुत्र ! पुण्याभिः प्राङ्मुखोदङ्मुखोऽपि वा ।

अन्तर्जलादावसथाद्वल्मीकान्मूषिकस्थलात् ॥

Transliteration

ācāmet putra puṇyābhiḥ prāṅmukhodaṅmukho 'pi vā | antarjalād āvasathād valmīkān mūṣikasthalāt ||

Translation

হে পুত্র, শুদ্ধ জলে পূর্বমুখে—অথবা উত্তরমুখেও—আচমন করা উচিত। আবদ্ধ/স্থির জল, গৃহস্থালির জল, উইঢিবি (পিঁপড়ার ঢিবি) এবং ইঁদুরের স্থানের জল বর্জনীয়।

Word by Word

• ācāmet: let (one) perform ācamana / sip (water)
• ācāmet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-cam (आ + चम धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (एकवचन); parasmaipada; injunctive/imperative sense ‘let him sip’

• putra: O son
• putra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)

• puṇyābhiḥ: with pure/holy (waters)
• puṇyābhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3 विभक्ति), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying adbhiḥ (understood)

• prāṅmukhaḥ: facing east
• prāṅmukhaḥ: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāṅ (प्रातिपदिक) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: ‘east-facing’ (lit. ‘having face to the east’)

• udaṅmukhaḥ: facing north
• udaṅmukhaḥ: Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udaṅ (प्रातिपदिक) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: ‘north-facing’

• api: also / even
• api: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle (सम्भावना/समुच्चय)

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक)

• antar-jalāt: from water (in the interior/standing water)
• antar-jalāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: antar (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय) + jala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: ‘inside-water’ i.e., water within/standing water

• āvasathāt: from a dwelling/shelter
• āvasathāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āvasatha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)

• valmīkāt: from an anthill
• valmīkāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: valmīka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)

• mūṣika-sthalāt: from a rat-hole/rat-infested spot
• mūṣika-sthalāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūṣika (प्रातिपदिक) + sthala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: ‘mouse-place’ i.e., a rat-hole/rat area

Speakers

• Unspecified in input (instructional voice addressing putra)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śauca
• Ācamana
• Directional discipline
• Avoidance of contamination

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purity includes orientation and source-control: choosing clean water and auspicious direction reflects intentionality in small acts, believed to shape character and ritual eligibility.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Facing east/north aligns with symbolic ‘light’ and ‘uttara’ (higher) movement; rejecting contaminated sources signals guarding the subtle body from tamasic influences.