Shloka 13

Adhyaya 30 — Madālasā’s Instruction on Household Duties and Naimittika–Śrāddha Rites

Sanskrit

तच्चापि दैवरहितमेकाऽर्घ्यैकपवित्रकम् ।

नैवाग्नौकरणं तत्र तच्चावाहनवर्जितम् ॥

Transliteration

taccāpi daivarahitam ekārghyaikapavitrakam |

naivāgnaukaraṇaṃ tatra taccāvāhanavarjitam ||

Translation

সেই একোद्दিষ্ট ক্রিয়াও দেবতাদের উদ্দেশে উপহার না দিয়েই সম্পন্ন হয়; এতে একটিমাত্র অর্ঘ্য ও একটিমাত্র পবিত্র (কুশ-আংটি) থাকে। এতে হোমকর্মের প্রয়োগ নেই এবং আহ্বান (আবাহন)ও করা হয় না।

Word by Word

• tat: that (rite/thing)
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चय)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), additive/emphatic

• daiva-rahitam: devoid of (auspicious) divine element
• daiva-rahitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daiva (प्रातिपदिक) + rahita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: daivasya rahitam = devoid of divine/auspicious (rites)

• eka-arghya-eka-pavitrakam: with a single arghya and a single pavitraka
• eka-arghya-eka-pavitrakam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक) + arghya (प्रातिपदिक) + eka (प्रातिपदिक) + pavitraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; samāhāra-dvandva (समाहार-द्वन्द्व) sense: ‘having only one arghya and one pavitraka’ (elliptic bahuvrīhi-like usage as predicate adjective)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-निपात)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-निपात)

• agnau-karaṇam: performance in fire (homa)
• agnau-karaṇam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agnau (agni, प्रातिपदिक) + karaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष: agnau karaṇam = performance/act in fire (homa)

• tatra: there/in that (rite)
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)

• tat: that (rite)
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; demonstrative pronoun

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चय)

• āvāhana-varjitam: without invocation (āvāhana)
• āvāhana-varjitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āvāhana (प्रातिपदिक) + varjita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: āvāhanasya varjitam = devoid of invocation

Speakers

• Ritual instruction voice within Markandeya Purana (didactic passage on śrāddha); specific interlocutors not explicit in the given excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pitri Puja
• Śrāddha-vidhi
• Gṛhastha duties

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text distinguishes ancestral rites from deity-centered yajña: for certain śrāddhas, simplicity and focused intention toward the departed is emphasized over elaborate fire and invocation procedures.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This passage belongs to ācāra/dharma instruction rather than the core pañcalakṣaṇa topics (sarga, pratisarga, vaṃśa, manvantara, vaṃśānucarita). It is ancillary dharma-śāstric material embedded in the Purāṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The omission of āvāhana and fire-rites signals a ‘quiet’ rite: the offering is directed by memory, lineage-connection, and intention (saṅkalpa) rather than by summoning divinities through external ritual technology.