Shloka 95

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

विहस्य चाब्रवीत् प्रेम्णा साधु भो द्विजसत्तमौ ।

कथयामासतुस् तौ च पितरं पन्नगेश्वरम् ॥

Transliteration

vihasya cābravīt premṇā sādhu bho dvijasattamau | kathayāmāsatus tau ca pitaraṃ pannageśvaram ||

Translation

সে মৃদু হাসি দিয়ে স্নেহভরে বলল—“সাধু, সাধু, হে দ্বিজশ্রেষ্ঠ!” তারপর তারা দু’জন তাকে তাদের পিতা, নাগদের অধিপতি, সম্বন্ধে জানাল।

Word by Word

• विहस्य: having laughed
• विहस्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + हस् (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having laughed’

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada

• प्रेम्णा: with affection
• प्रेम्णा: Hetu/Instrument (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रेमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• साधु: well!/good!
• साधु: Sambodhana/Exclamation (सम्बोधनार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साधु (अव्यय/विशेषण)
• Form: Particle/interjection (निपात), approbative

• भो: O!
• भो: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भो (अव्यय)
• Form: Vocative particle (सम्बोधन-निपात)

• द्विजसत्तमौ: O best of the twice-born (you two)
• द्विजसत्तमौ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Dual; ‘द्विजेषु सत्तमौ’ (best among twice-born)

• कथयामासतुः: they two related/told
• कथयामासतुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु) + आस् (धातु)
• Form: Periphrastic perfect (लिट्-परस्मैपद, आस-योग), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन)

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• पितरम्: father
• पितरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• पन्नगेश्वरम्: the lord of serpents
• पन्नगेश्वरम्: Karma (कर्म) (apposition to पितरम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पन्नग + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘पन्नगानाम् ईश्वरम्’

Speakers

• Narrator voice (frame-speaker not identifiable from verses alone); direct speech by the prince is embedded

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Hospitality and cordiality
• Lineage/authority (father as Nāga lord)
• Inter-realm diplomacy

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Courtesy and affectionate speech establish trust across differences; the narrative models saṃvāda (civil dialogue) as the gateway to protection and knowledge.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna. Mentions of ‘father/lord’ can support vaṃśa-style structuring, but the verse is mainly interpersonal narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

Addressing others with elevated honorifics reflects the tantric/puranic idea that divinity can be encountered in unexpected forms; right speech (vāk-śuddhi) opens ‘doors’ in subtle realms.