Shloka 46

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

पुत्र उवाच शृणु तात यथा तत्त्वमनुभूतं मयासकृत् ।

संसारचक्रमजरं स्थितिर्यस्य न विद्यते ॥

Transliteration

putra uvāca śṛṇu tāta yathā tattvam anubhūtaṃ mayāsakṛt | saṃsāracakram ajaraṃ sthitir yasya na vidyate ||

Translation

পুত্র বলিল—হে প্রিয় পিতা, আমার বারংবার অভিজ্ঞতায় যে সত্য, তাহা শুনুন। সংসারচক্র অজর, এবং ইহার কোনো স্থির অবস্থান-নিয়ম নাই।

Word by Word

• पुत्रः: the son
• पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• शृणु: listen
• शृणु: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• तात: O father/dear father
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• यथा: as; how
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्बन्ध/प्रकार-वाचक (conj./adverb: “as, in the manner that”)

• तत्त्वम्: the truth/reality
• तत्त्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• अनुभूतम्: experienced/realized
• अनुभूतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु√भू (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगार्थ (experienced)

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• असकृत्: repeatedly
• असकृत्: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: असकृत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आवृत्ति-वाचक (adverb: “repeatedly, many times”)

• संसारचक्रम्: the wheel/cycle of transmigration
• संसारचक्रम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संसार (प्रातिपदिक) + चक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (संसारस्य चक्रम्)

• अजरम्: ageless; not subject to decay
• अजरम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying संसारचक्रम्)

• स्थितिः: stability/abiding state
• स्थितिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थिति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यस्य: of which/whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (particle of negation)

• विद्यते: exists/is found
• विद्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; भावे/सत्तायाम् (exists)

Speakers

• Son to Father (reported speech)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Saṃsāra as cyclical
• Impermanence
• Experiential authority (anubhava)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Bondage persists due to the ceaseless, unstable nature of conditioned life; insight begins by seeing that there is no lasting ‘resting place’ within saṃsāra.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Upadeśa (liberation-oriented teaching) embedded in narrative; not a sarga/manvantara unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

Calling the cycle ‘ajara’ indicates that time itself does not ‘wear out’ saṃsāra; only knowledge (jñāna) and dispassion (vairāgya) break the wheel.