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Shloka 4

अध्याय २९ — वासुदेव–संजय संवादः

Karma, Varṇa-Dharma, and the Ethics of Governance

आप्तो दूत: संजय सुप्रियो5सि कल्याणवाक्‌ शीलवांस्तृप्तिमांश्व न मुहोस्त्वं संजय जातु मत्या न च क़्ुद्धोरुच्यमानो दुरुक्तै:

āpto dūtaḥ saṃjaya supriyo ’si kalyāṇavāk śīlavāṃs tṛptimāṃś ca | na muhos tvaṃ saṃjaya jātu matyā na ca kruddho rucyamāno duruktaiḥ ||

যুধিষ্ঠির বললেন—সঞ্জয়, তুমি বিশ্বস্ত দূত এবং আমাদের অতি প্রিয়। তোমার বাক্য মঙ্গলময় ও হিতকর; তুমি শীলবান ও সন্তুষ্টচিত্ত। তোমার বিচারবুদ্ধি কখনও আচ্ছন্ন হয় না, আর কঠোর কথা শুনলেও তুমি ক্রুদ্ধ হও না।

āptaḥtrustworthy
āptaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootāpta
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
dūtaḥmessenger
dūtaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdūta
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
sañjayaO Sañjaya
sañjaya:
TypeNoun
Rootsañjaya
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
supriyaḥvery dear
supriyaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootsu-priya
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
asiyou are
asi:
TypeVerb
Rootas
FormPresent, Second, Singular
kalyāṇa-vākone whose speech is auspicious
kalyāṇa-vāk:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootkalyāṇa-vāc
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
śīlavānvirtuous, well-conducted
śīlavān:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootśīla-vat
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tṛptimāncontented
tṛptimān:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Roottṛpti-mat
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
muhusever, at any time
muhus:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmuhus
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottvam
FormNominative, Singular
sañjayaO Sañjaya
sañjaya:
TypeNoun
Rootsañjaya
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
jātuever, at all
jātu:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootjātu
matyāby (your) intellect
matyā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootmati
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
kuddhaḥangered
kuddhaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootkuddha
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
rucyamānaḥbeing affected/irritated (lit. being made to feel)
rucyamānaḥ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootruc (√ruc) + śānac
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Ātmanepada (passive/mediopassive participle), Present participle
duruktaiḥby harsh words
duruktaiḥ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootdur-ukta
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse upholds ethical virtues essential for counsel and diplomacy: trustworthy service, beneficial speech, contentment, clarity of judgment, and restraint from anger even when provoked by harsh words.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war negotiations, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses Sañjaya—who has come as Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s messenger—acknowledging his reliability and exemplary conduct before engaging with the message and the tense political situation.