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Shloka 13

अध्याय २९ — वासुदेव–संजय संवादः

Karma, Varṇa-Dharma, and the Ethics of Governance

अधीतविद्यक्षरणोपपतन्नो योअस्त्रं चतुष्पात्‌ पुनरेव चक्रे । गन्धर्वपुत्रप्रतिमं तरस्विनं तमश्वत्थामानं कुशल सम पृच्छे:

adhītavidyākṣaraṇopapatanno yo 'straṃ catuṣpāt punar eva cakre | gandharvaputrapratimaṃ tarasvinaṃ tam aśvatthāmānaṃ kuśalaṃ samapṛcche ||

যুধিষ্ঠির বললেন—যিনি বেদাধ্যয়নে সম্পন্ন ও সদাচারী, চার পাদে সম্পূর্ণ অস্ত্রবিদ্যায় সুপ্রশিক্ষিত, এবং গন্ধর্বপুত্রের ন্যায় বেগবান বীর—সেই আচার্যপুত্র অশ্বত্থামারও কুশল সংবাদ জিজ্ঞাসা করবে।

अधीतविद्याone who has studied the sciences/knowledge
अधीतविद्या:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअधीत (अधि+इ √इ) + विद्या
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षणmoment
क्षण:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपपतन्नःfalling upon/attacking
उपपतन्नः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपपतत् (उप+पत् √पत्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्त्रम्weapon (missile/astral weapon)
अस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चतुष्पात्four-footed; having four parts/quarters
चतुष्पात्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुष्पाद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
चक्रेmade/did
चक्रे:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
गन्धर्वपुत्रप्रतिमम्comparable to a Gandharva’s son
गन्धर्वपुत्रप्रतिमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगन्धर्व + पुत्र + प्रतिम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तरस्विनम्swift/impetuous/strong
तरस्विनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतरस्विन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अश्वत्थामानम्Aśvatthāman
अश्वत्थामानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वत्थामन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कुशलम्welfare/well-being
कुशलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुशल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समम्properly/duly
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
पृच्छेःyou ask/inquire
पृच्छेः:
TypeVerb
Root√प्रच्छ्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Aśvatthāmā
G
Gandharva

Educational Q&A

Even amid political tension and impending war, Yudhiṣṭhira maintains dharmic courtesy by inquiring after the well-being of others, acknowledging learning, discipline, and merit—even in those aligned with the opposing side.

Yudhiṣṭhira is sending or conveying formal greetings and welfare-inquiries, specifically asking after Aśvatthāmā, praising his Vedic learning, good conduct, and complete training in weapon-science, likening his speed and prowess to that of a Gandharva prince.