Shloka 10

Devanagari script

यज्वा दानपति: क्षान्तो वृत्ते च परमे स्थित: । सत्यवागनसूयुश्च शीलवाजन्नियतेन्द्रिय:

Transliteration

yajvā dānapatiḥ kṣānto vṛtte ca parame sthitaḥ | satyavāg anasūyuś ca śīlavān niyatendriyaḥ ||

Translation

ব্রাহ্মণ বললেন— তিনি বিধিপূর্বক যজ্ঞ সম্পন্নকারী, দানের অগ্রগণ্য পৃষ্ঠপোষক, ক্ষমাশীল ও পরম সদাচারে সুপ্রতিষ্ঠিত। তিনি সত্যভাষী, দোষদৃষ্টি ও ঈর্ষামুক্ত, শীলবান এবং নিয়মে ইন্দ্রিয়সংযমী।

Word by Word

• यज्वा: a sacrificer; one who performs yajña
• यज्वा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्वन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दानपतिः: lord of gifts; foremost donor
• दानपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानपति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षान्तः: patient; forbearing
• क्षान्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षान्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वृत्ते: in conduct; in behavior
• वृत्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्त
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• परमे: in the highest (state/standard)
• परमे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• स्थितः: standing; established
• स्थितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यवाक्: truth-speaking
• सत्यवाक्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यवाच्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनसूयुः: free from envy; non-censorious
• अनसूयुः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनसूयु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शीलवान्: virtuous; of good character
• शीलवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीलवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अजन्: a goat (as sacrificial animal)
• अजन्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नियत-इन्द्रियः: self-controlled; with restrained senses
• नियत-इन्द्रियः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियत + इन्द्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्राह्मण (Brāhmaṇa speaker)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse presents an ethical ideal: true excellence is marked by sacrificial responsibility, generosity, patience, adherence to the highest conduct, truthful speech, freedom from envious fault-finding, good character, and disciplined senses.

What is happening in the narrative?

A brāhmaṇa speaker is describing (or praising) a model person by listing defining virtues—framing dharma not as theory but as recognizable qualities embodied in conduct and speech.