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Shloka 5

जनक–सुलभा संवादः

Janaka–Sulabhā Dialogue on Mokṣa and Non-attachment

बुध्यते यदि वाव्यक्तमेतद्‌ वै पजचविंशकम्‌ । बुध्यमानो भवत्येव सज्भात्मक इति श्रुति: । अनेनाप्रतिबुद्धेति वदन्त्यव्यक्तमच्युतम्‌

budhyate yadi vāvyaktam etad vai pañcaviṁśakam | budhyamāno bhavaty eva saṅghātmaka iti śrutiḥ | anenāpratibuddheti vadanty avyaktam acyutam |

বসিষ্ঠ বললেন—যদি ধরা হয় যে অব্যক্ত প্রকৃতি ‘জানে’, তবে সে জানা কেবল পঁচিশতম তত্ত্ব—পুরুষ—এর দ্বারা, তার সঙ্গে যুক্ত হয়েই সম্ভব। প্রকৃতির সংসর্গে জীব ‘সংঘাত্মক’—সমষ্টির বন্ধনে আবদ্ধ—হয়ে পড়ে; এটাই শ্রুতিবাক্য। আর এই সংসর্গদোষের কারণেই লোকেরা অব্যক্ত, অবিকারী আত্মাকেও ‘অপ্রতিবুদ্ধ’ বা ‘মূঢ়’ বলে, যদিও সে অচ্যুত।

बुध्यतेis known / is understood
बुध्यते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, 3, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor / indeed
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest (Prakriti)
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पञ्चविंशकम्the twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चविंशक
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
बुध्यमानःknowing / being aware
बुध्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormPresent participle (Śatṛ), Parasmaipada sense, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes / is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormLat (Present), Parasmaipada, 3, Singular
एवonly / indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सङ्घात्मकःhaving the nature of association/aggregation
सङ्घात्मकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसङ्घात्मक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतिःthe Śruti (scriptural statement)
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अनेनby this / because of this
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अप्रतिबुद्धःunawakened / not fully enlightened
अप्रतिबुद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रतिबुद्ध
FormPast participle (kta) with negation, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
वदन्तिthey say / call
वदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormLat (Present), Parasmaipada, 3, Plural
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अच्युतम्unchanging / imperishable
अच्युतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअच्युत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
Ś
Śruti
A
Avyakta (Prakṛti)
P
Puruṣa (pañcaviṁśa-tattva)
J
Jīva/Ātman (implied)

Educational Q&A

Cognition and agency are wrongly attributed to Prakṛti; in Sāṅkhya terms, ‘knowing’ pertains to Puruṣa (the 25th principle). The jīva appears bound and ‘deluded’ only due to association (saṅga) with Prakṛti and its aggregates; the Self itself remains unchanging.

In Śānti Parva’s philosophical instruction, Vasiṣṭha clarifies a subtle point about consciousness: if the unmanifest Prakṛti is said to ‘know’, that knowing is actually the reflected/associated knowing of Puruṣa. He explains how misidentification through association leads people to label the immutable Self as ignorant.