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Shloka 23

कामबन्धन-निवृत्ति तथा शान्तिलक्षण-उपदेशः | Release from Desire-Bondage and the Marks of Peace

परं परं तथैवाहुश्नातुराश्रम्यमेव तत्‌ । यथोक्ता नियमास्तेषां सर्व कार्य बुभूषता

paraṁ paraṁ tathaivāhuḥ snātur āśramyam eva tat | yathoktā niyamās teṣāṁ sarva-kārya-bubhūṣatā ||

এইভাবে চারটি আশ্রমও ক্রমে ক্রমে শ্রেষ্ঠ বলে ঘোষিত—পরবর্তী আশ্রম পূর্ববর্তীটির চেয়ে উচ্চতর। অতএব যে ব্যক্তি সকল পুরুষার্থ ও কর্তব্যের সিদ্ধি কামনা করে, সে শাস্ত্রবিধান অনুসারে প্রত্যেক আশ্রমের নির্দিষ্ট নিয়ম-সংযম যথাযথভাবে পালন করবে।

परम्higher/superior (as object of saying)
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परम्higher (again; successive superiority)
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus/in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आहुःthey say/declare
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (आह)
FormPerfect (Paroksha/लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
श्नातुःof the bath-taker (i.e., of the householder/one who has taken the bath)
श्नातुः:
TypeNoun
Rootश्नातृ (from √श्ना/स्ना 'to bathe')
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आश्रम्यम्the (next) āśrama-stage / hermitage-stage
आश्रम्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम्य (from आश्रम)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that (stage/that one)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यथाas/according to how
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उक्ताःstated/declared
उक्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्त (from √वच्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नियमाःrules/observances
नियमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेषाम्of them (of those āśramas)
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
सर्वम्all (entirely)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कार्यम्to be done/that which should be done
कार्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य (from √कृ)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बुभूषताby one wishing to become/prosper (i.e., seeking advancement)
बुभूषता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootबुभूषत् (desiderative from √भू)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Ā
āśrama (the four life-stages)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the four āśramas are viewed as an ascending spiritual-ethical progression, and that one seeking true accomplishment should follow the śāstra-prescribed disciplines (niyamas) appropriate to each stage.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa states a normative principle about āśrama-dharma: the life-stages are ranked as successively higher, and their scriptural rules should be practiced by a person intent on overall welfare and attainment.