Shloka 29
Vyaktāvyakta-Viveka and Nivṛtti as Paramā Gati
Manifest–Unmanifest Discrimination and the Supreme Path of Withdrawal
ज्ञानेन्द्रियाण्यत: पठच पज््च कर्मेन्द्रियाण्यपि । विषया: पञ्च चैकं॑ च विकारे षोडशं मन:
jñānendriyāṇy ataḥ pañca pañca karmendriyāṇy api | viṣayāḥ pañca caikaṃ ca vikāre ṣoḍaśaṃ manaḥ ||
এরপর আছে পাঁচ জ্ঞানেন্দ্রিয় ও পাঁচ কর্মেন্দ্রিয়। পাঁচ বিষয় এবং এক মন—এগুলিই ষোলো বিকার বলে ঘোষিত। দেহগত এই উপাদানগুলিকে যথার্থভাবে জানলে আত্মাকে পরিবর্তনশীল ইন্দ্রিয়-উপকরণ থেকে পৃথক করে সংযম ও সদাচারে প্রতিষ্ঠা লাভ হয়।
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma enumerates the components of embodied experience: five sense faculties, five action faculties, five sense-objects, and the mind—together called sixteen modifications. The teaching supports discernment (viveka): these are instruments and products of change, not the enduring self, and recognizing this aids self-control and ethical living.
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation-oriented knowledge. Here he is presenting a Sāṅkhya-style analysis of the psycho-physical apparatus, classifying the senses, their objects, and the mind as evolutes to be understood and mastered.