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Shloka 37

Nakula’s Counsel on Yajña, Dāna, and Tyāga (नकुलोपदेशः—यज्ञदानत्यागविचारः)

निहत्य शत्रूंस्तरसा समृद्धान्‌ शक्रो यथा दैत्यबलानि संख्ये । कः पार्थ शोचेन्निरत: स्वथधर्मे पूर्व: स्मृते पार्थिव शिष्टजुष्टे

nihatya śatrūṁs tarasā samṛddhān śakro yathā daityabalāni saṅkhye | kaḥ pārtha śocen nirataḥ svadharme pūrvaḥ smṛte pārthiva śiṣṭajuṣṭe |

নকুল বললেন—হে কুন্তীনন্দন পার্থ! যেমন ইন্দ্র রণক্ষেত্রে দৈত্যসেনাকে বিনাশ করেন, তেমনি যে বেগে সমৃদ্ধ শত্রুদের নিধন করে বিজয় লাভ করেছে এবং প্রাচীনকাল থেকে স্মৃত, শিষ্টজন-অনুশীলিত স্বধর্মে নিবিষ্ট—সে রাজা (আপনি ব্যতীত) কেন শোক করবে?

निहत्यhaving slain
निहत्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (√हन्)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ (gerundial)
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तरसाwith force/impetuosity
तरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
समृद्धान्prosperous/strong, well-equipped
समृद्धान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमृद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शक्रःIndra
शक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
दैत्यबलानिthe forces/armies of the Daityas
दैत्यबलानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्यबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शोचेत्would grieve
शोचेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (√शुच्)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
निरतःengaged, devoted
निरतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वधर्मेin one’s own duty
स्वधर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पूर्वैःby the former (ones)
पूर्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
स्मृतेremembered/handed down (in tradition)
स्मृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्मृत
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पार्थिवO king
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शिष्टजुष्टेpractised/approved by the learned and good
शिष्टजुष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशिष्टजुष्ट
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कुन्तीनन्दनO son of Kunti
कुन्तीनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

नकुल उवाच

N
Nakula
P
Partha
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
D
Daityas

Educational Q&A

A ruler who has fulfilled his warrior duty—defeating formidable enemies—and who remains devoted to svadharma as upheld by tradition and righteous kings has no ethical cause for grief; sorrow is portrayed as inconsistent with accomplished duty and established royal conduct.

Nakula addresses “Partha,” consoling him by invoking Indra’s battlefield example: just as Indra annihilates Daitya forces, so a victorious king who has acted according to the time-honored kṣatriya code should not lament, but stand firm in dharma.