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Shloka 31

शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12

स पपात रथोपस्थे तव पुत्रेण ताडित:

sa papāta rathopasthe tava putreṇa tāḍitaḥ

তোমার পুত্রের আঘাতে বিদ্ধ হয়ে সে রথাসনে লুটিয়ে পড়ল—যুদ্ধের উন্মাদনায় বীরত্ব ও প্রাণ এক মুহূর্তে উল্টে যায়, আর আপনজনেরই কর্ম রণক্ষেত্রে ভাগ্যের তৎক্ষণাৎ হাতিয়ার হয়ে ওঠে।

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पपातfell
पपात:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथोपस्थेon the chariot-seat/platform
रथोपस्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथोपस्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, Second
पुत्रेणby (your) son
पुत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
ताडितःstruck/assailed
ताडितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootताडित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), from √ताड्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
T
tava putra (your son; unspecified here)
R
ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the fragility of life and status in war: a single blow can bring a warrior down, reminding the listener that violent action has immediate consequences and that kinship does not soften the mechanics of battlefield fate.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a warrior (contextually identified in surrounding verses) is struck by Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son and falls onto the chariot-seat, indicating a decisive hit and a sudden reversal in the combat scene.