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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 1

Śalya–Bhīma Gadā-saṃnipāta and Śalya’s Bāṇa-jāla against Yudhiṣṭhira

Book 9, Chapter 11

ऑपन--माजण बछ। अकाल एकादशोब< ध्याय: शल्यका पराक्रम

sañjaya uvāca | tasmin vilulite sainye vadhyamāne parasparam | dravamāṇeṣu yodheṣu vinadatsu ca dantiṣu ||

সঞ্জয় বললেন—মহারাজ, সেই মহাসমরে যখন সেনা-বাহিনী বিপর্যস্ত হয়ে পড়ল এবং পরস্পরকে বধ করতে লাগল; যখন যোদ্ধারা পালাতে শুরু করল এবং হাতিরা গর্জন করতে লাগল—তখন ভয় ও বিনাশে যুদ্ধক্ষেত্র আচ্ছন্ন হল। অস্ত্রশস্ত্র পরস্পর সংঘর্ষে লিপ্ত হল, রথ ও গজ একে অপরের সঙ্গে জড়িয়ে পড়ল। তখন পাণ্ডবেরা তীক্ষ্ণ বাণে আপনার সেনাকে সংহার করতে লাগল, আর তেমনি আপনার যোদ্ধারাও পাণ্ডবসৈন্যের বধে প্রবৃত্ত হল।

संजयSanjaya
संजय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मिन्in that (situation/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
विलुलितेwhen (it was) thrown into confusion
विलुलिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-लुलित
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सैन्येin the army
सैन्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वध्यमानेwhile being slain
वध्यमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
परस्परम्mutually, one another
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
द्रवमाणेषुwhen (they were) fleeing/running
द्रवमाणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootद्रवमान
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
योधेषुamong the warriors
योधेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
विनदत्सुwhen (they were) trumpeting/roaring
विनदत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-नदत्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दन्तिषुamong the elephants
दन्तिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तिन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'O King')
K
Kaurava army (implied)
P
Pāṇḍava army (implied)
E
Elephants (dantin)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral gravity of war: once violence is unleashed, it becomes reciprocal and destabilizing—fear, flight, and chaos spread through both sides. It invites reflection on the ethical cost of pursuing aims through mutual slaughter, even within a kṣatriya framework.

Sañjaya reports to the king that the battle has reached a frantic pitch: the armies are disordered, warriors are being killed by one another, many begin to flee, and elephants roar—signs that the fight has turned into a terrifying rout-like melee.

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