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Shloka 30

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

मध्ये व्यूहस्य राजा तु पाण्डवश्न धनंजय: । नकुल: सहदेवश्व धर्मराजस्य पृष्ठत:

sañjaya uvāca |

madhe vyūhasya rājā tu pāṇḍavaś ca dhanañjayaḥ |

nakulaḥ sahadevaś ca dharmarājasya pṛṣṭhataḥ ||

সঞ্জয় বললেন—ব্যূহের মধ্যভাগে পাণ্ডব রাজা যুধিষ্ঠির ও পাণ্ডব ধনঞ্জয় (অর্জুন) অবস্থান করলেন; ধর্মরাজের পশ্চাতে নকুল ও সহদেব ছিলেন।

मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
व्यूहस्यof the battle-array
व्यूहस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यूह
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (Yudhiṣṭhira)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नकुलःNakula
नकुलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहदेवःSahadeva
सहदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मराजस्यof Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind/at the rear of
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठ

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
A
Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
V
vyūha (battle formation)

Educational Q&A

Even in warfare, action is framed by dharma: the righteous king is placed at the protected center, while each brother accepts a defined role. The verse highlights disciplined coordination, loyalty, and the ethical ideal of safeguarding legitimate authority rather than pursuing reckless glory.

Sañjaya reports the Pandavas’ troop arrangement within a battle-formation: Yudhiṣṭhira and Arjuna stand in the middle, and Nakula and Sahadeva take position behind Yudhiṣṭhira, indicating a protective and strategic deployment as the battle with Karṇa’s side intensifies.