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Mahabharata 1.20.16Adi Parva, Adhyaya 20, Shloka 16

गरुडजन्म तथा विनतादास्यवृत्तान्तः

Garuḍa’s Birth and Vinatā’s Enslavement

दृष्ट पुरातनं होतद्‌ यज्ञे सर्पविनाशनम्‌ । इत्युक्त्वा सृष्टिकृद्‌ देवस्तं प्रसाद्य प्रजापतिम्‌ । प्रादाद्‌ विषहरीं विद्यां कश्यपाय महात्मने

dṛṣṭaṃ purātanaṃ hotad yajñe sarpavināśanam | ity uktvā sṛṣṭikṛd devastaṃ prasādya prajāpatiṃ | prādād viṣaharīṃ vidyāṃ kaśyapāya mahātmane ||

শৌনক বললেন— “এটি প্রাচীন কাহিনি হিসেবে সুপরিচিত— এক যজ্ঞে সর্পদের বিনাশ হবে।” এ কথা বলে সৃষ্টিকর্তা ব্রহ্মা প্রজাপতি কশ্যপকে প্রসন্ন করলেন এবং সেই মহাত্মাকে সর্পবিষ-নিবারণকারী বিদ্যা দান করলেন। এই অংশে বোঝানো হয়েছে— যারা অন্যকে ক্ষতি করে, তাদের উপর দেবনির্দিষ্ট দণ্ড অবশ্যম্ভাবী; তবু সর্বপ্রাণীর মঙ্গলের জন্য প্রতিকার-বিদ্যাও প্রদান করা হয়।

दृष्टम्seen/known
दृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पुरातनम्ancient
पुरातनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
होतत्the Hotṛ priest
होतत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञेin the sacrifice
यज्ञे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सर्प-विनाशनम्destruction of snakes
सर्प-विनाशनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्पविनाशन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा, Active
सृष्टि-कृत्creator (of creation)
सृष्टि-कृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसृष्टिकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवःthe god (Brahmā)
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रसाद्यhaving pleased
प्रसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसद्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-र्थे), Active
प्रजापतिम्Prajāpati
प्रजापतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजापति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रादात्gave
प्रादात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
विष-हरीम्poison-removing
विष-हरीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविषहरी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
विद्याम्knowledge/spell
विद्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कश्यपायto Kaśyapa
कश्यपाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकश्यप
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
महात्मनेto the great-souled one
महात्मने:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular

शौनक उवाच

Ś
Śaunaka
B
Brahmā (Sṛṣṭikṛt Deva)
K
Kaśyapa (Prajāpati)
S
Sarpa (serpents)
Y
Yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

Harmful beings who persist in injuring others invite a divinely sanctioned consequence, yet dharma also provides protective knowledge (viṣaharī vidyā) to reduce suffering and safeguard life. Justice and compassion operate together: punishment for harm, and remedies for the welfare of creatures.

Śaunaka recalls an ancient tradition that a sacrifice will bring about the destruction of serpents. Brahmā then pleases Prajāpati Kaśyapa and grants him a poison-removing lore, situating the coming serpent-destruction episode within a larger cosmic and ethical framework.

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