Shloka 39

समन्तपञ्चक-आख्यानम् तथा अक्षौहिणी-प्रमाणनिर्णयः

Samantapañcaka Narrative and the Measure of an Akṣauhiṇī

Devanagari script

इतिहासोत्तमे यस्मिन्नर्पिता बुद्धिरुत्तमा । स्वरव्यज्जनयो: कृत्स्ना लोकवेदाश्रयेव वाक्‌,जैसे लौकिक और वैदिक सब प्रकारके ज्ञानको प्रकाशित करनेवाली सम्पूर्ण वाणी स्वरों एवं व्यंजनोंमें समायी रहती है, वैसे ही (लोक, परलोक एवं परमार्थसम्बन्धी) सम्पूर्ण उत्तम विद्या-बुद्धि इस श्रेष्ठ इतिहासमें भरी हुई है

Transliteration

itihāsottame yasminn arpitā buddhir uttamā | svaravyañjanayoḥ kṛtsnā lokavedāśrayā iva vāk |

Translation

এই শ্রেষ্ঠ ইতিহাসে সর্বোচ্চ প্রজ্ঞা প্রতিষ্ঠিত। যেমন লোকাচার ও বৈদিক প্রয়োগে আশ্রিত সমগ্র বাক্ স্বর ও ব্যঞ্জনে সম্পূর্ণভাবে নিহিত থাকে, তেমনি ইহলোক, পরলোক ও পরম কল্যাণ-সম্পর্কিত সমস্ত উৎকৃষ্ট বিদ্যা ও বিবেচনা এই মহাখ্যানেই সন্নিবিষ্ট।

Word by Word

• {'itihāsa-uttama': 'the best/supreme Itihāsa (sacred historical epic)', 'yasmin': 'in which', 'arpitā': 'placed, deposited, enshrined', 'buddhi': 'intelligence, discernment, understanding', 'uttamā': 'highest, excellent', 'svara': 'vowel

• tone', 'vyañjana': 'consonant

• that which manifests (a sound)', 'kṛtsnā': 'entire, complete', 'vāk': 'speech, utterance, language', 'loka': 'worldly, secular

• the world', 'veda-āśrayā': 'resting on/grounded in the Veda

Speaker

राम उवाच

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse asserts the Mahābhārata’s comprehensive authority: it contains the fullest and highest wisdom—ethical, worldly, otherworldly, and spiritual—just as all speech is ultimately constituted by vowels and consonants.

What is happening in the narrative?

The speaker is praising the Itihāsa itself, presenting it as a complete repository of knowledge and guidance, and using a linguistic analogy (speech within vowels and consonants) to emphasize its all-encompassing scope.