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Shloka 7

Vānaprastha-Dharma: Forest Discipline, Vows, Seasonal Tapas, and Equanimity

Devanagari script

आर्द्रवासास्तु हेमन्ते योगाभ्यासाद्दिनं नयेत् / यः कण्टकैर्वितुदति चन्दनैर्यश्च लिम्पति / अक्रुद्धः परितुष्टश्च समस्तस्य च तस्य च

Transliteration

ārdravāsāstu hemante yogābhyāsāddinaṃ nayet / yaḥ kaṇṭakairvitudati candanairyaśca limpati / akruddhaḥ parituṣṭaśca samastasya ca tasya ca

Translation

হেমন্তকালে ভেজা বস্ত্র পরিধান করে যোগাভ্যাসে দিন কাটাক। যে কাঁটায় বিদ্ধ করে এবং যে চন্দনে লেপন করে—উভয়ের প্রতিই এবং সকলের প্রতিই—সে ক্রোধহীন ও সন্তুষ্ট থাকবে।

Word by Word
आर्द्रwet, damp
आर्द्र:
Visheshana (Qualifier within compound/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रातिपदिक (समासाङ्ग) — adjective stem used as compound member
वासाःone wearing (clothes)
वासाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवासस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular (ending -āḥ)
आर्द्रवासाःone whose clothing is wet (wearing wet garments)
आर्द्रवासाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्द्र + वासस् (समास)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास (आर्द्रं वासो यस्य), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Bahuvrihi compound; Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तुindeed, but
तु:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय — particle (emphasis/contrast)
हेमन्तेin winter
हेमन्ते:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootहेमन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन — Masculine, Locative (7th), Singular
योगyoga
योग:
Sambandha (Genitive-relation within compound/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयोग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (समासाङ्ग) — masculine stem used as compound member
अभ्यासात्from practice, by practice
अभ्यासात्:
Hetu/Apadana (Cause/Source/हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (हेतु/अपादान), एकवचन — Masculine, Ablative (5th), Singular; causal sense ‘because of/from’
योगाभ्यासात्from the practice of yoga
योगाभ्यासात्:
Hetu/Apadana (Cause/Source/हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootयोग + अभ्यास (समास)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (योगस्य अभ्यासः; तस्मात्), पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन — Ablative Singular
दिनम्the day
दिनम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
नयेत्should spend/lead
नयेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद — Optative, 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Singular (relative pronoun)
कण्टकैःwith thorns
कण्टकैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकण्टक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Plural
वितुदतिpierces, pricks
वितुदति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + तुद् (धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद — Present Indicative, 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
चन्दनैःwith sandalwood (paste)
चन्दनैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootचन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Singular (relative pronoun)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय — conjunction
लिम्पतिsmears, anoints
लिम्पति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootलिप् (धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद — Present Indicative, 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
अक्रुद्धःnot angry
अक्रुद्धः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ + क्रुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक; कृध्/क्रुध् + क्त)
Formनञ्-समासपूर्वक क्तान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — negative ‘not angry’, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
परितुष्टःfully satisfied, content
परितुष्टः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि + तुष् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — ‘fully content’, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय — conjunction
समस्तस्यof the whole, of all
समस्तस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक-प्रातिपदिक; अत्र षष्ठी, एकवचन — Genitive (6th), Singular; ‘of the whole/entire’
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय — conjunction
तस्यof that (person/thing)
तस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन — Genitive (6th), Singular (pronoun)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय — conjunction
Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Yoga-abhyāsa with titikṣā (forbearance) and akrodha: remain content and non-reactive whether treated harshly (thorns) or gently (sandal).

Vedantic Theme: Samatva (even-mindedness) and kṣānti as marks of sattva and near-liberative maturity; transcending dvandvas (pairs of opposites).

Application: Practice emotional regulation: respond to criticism and praise with steadiness; cultivate contentment; use daily yoga/meditation to reduce reactivity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: seasonal setting

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.102.3-6 (progression from external discipline to deeper tapas)

FAQs

This verse praises steadiness of mind: remaining unangered and content whether one is harmed (like being pricked by thorns) or honored (like being anointed with sandal), treating all with the same inner balance.

By emphasizing yoga-practice, angerlessness, and contentment, it points to inner purification—qualities that reduce karmic agitation and support spiritual progress rather than reactive, binding actions.

Practice daily self-discipline (yoga/meditation), and train the mind to respond calmly to both insult and praise—choosing non-anger and contentment as a consistent ethical stance.

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