Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

Kāla-vibhāga: The Divisions of Time from Atom to Brahmā, and the Lord Beyond Time

निमेषस्त्रिलवो ज्ञेय आम्नातस्ते त्रय: क्षण: । क्षणान् पञ्च विदु: काष्ठां लघु ता दश पञ्च च ॥ ७ ॥

nimeṣas tri-lavo jñeya āmnātas te trayaḥ kṣaṇaḥ kṣaṇān pañca viduḥ kāṣṭhāṁ laghu tā daśa pañca ca

তিন লবের কালকে এক নিমেষ বলা হয়; তিন নিমেষে এক ক্ষণ। পাঁচ ক্ষণে এক কাষ্ঠা, আর পনেরো কাষ্ঠায় এক লঘু হয়।

निमेषःa blink (unit)
निमेषः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनिमेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
त्रि-लवःthree lavas (a unit)
त्रि-लवः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + लव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (numeral compound)
ज्ञेयःis to be known (as)
ज्ञेयः:
Vidhāna (विधान/Predicative)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञा (धातु) → ज्ञेय (कृदन्त/तव्यत्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), ‘to be known’
आम्नातः(as) declared in tradition
आम्नातः:
Vidhāna (विधान/Predicative)
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-√म्ना (धातु) → आम्नात (कृदन्त/क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), ‘traditionally stated/handed down’
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक विशेषण
क्षणाःmoments (kṣaṇas)
क्षणाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
क्षणान्moments (as object)
क्षणान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Saṅkhyā (संख्या/Numeral qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च (संख्या/अव्यय)
Formसंख्यावाचक अव्यय (indeclinable numeral)
विदुःthey know/declare
विदुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
काष्ठाम्a kāṣṭhā (unit)
काष्ठाम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
लघुa laghu (unit)
लघु:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootलघु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कालमान-नाम
ताःthose (units)
ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
दशten
दश:
Saṅkhyā (संख्या/Numeral qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootदश (संख्या/अव्यय)
Formसंख्यावाचक अव्यय (indeclinable numeral)
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Saṅkhyā (संख्या/Numeral qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च (संख्या/अव्यय)
Formसंख्यावाचक अव्यय (indeclinable numeral)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

By calculation it is found that one laghu is equal to two minutes. The atomic calculation of time in terms of Vedic wisdom may be converted into present time with this understanding.

Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
M
Mahārāja Parīkṣit

FAQs

This verse defines a sequence of subtle time units—lava, nimeṣa, kṣaṇa, kāṣṭhā, and laghu—showing that time (kāla) is measured in precise gradations even at very small scales.

In Canto 3, Śukadeva describes kāla (time) systematically—moving from minute units to vast cosmic cycles—so Parīkṣit can understand the Lord’s governance of creation through time and the urgency of spiritual realization.

By recognizing that life is measured moment by moment, one becomes more serious about using each moment for sādhana—hearing, chanting, and remembering Bhagavān—rather than wasting time in distraction.