Sutra 7
Devanagari script
अनृत्वभूमिप्राप्तयोरनृतुप्राप्तं यथर्तुयुग्यशस्त्रावरणं युध्येत नाभूमिप्राप्तमवरुद्धप्रसारव्यायामम् ॥ कZ_०८.५.०७ ॥
Transliteration
anṛtvabhūmiprāptayor anṛtuprāptaṃ yathartuyugyaśastrāvaraṇaṃ yudhyeta nābhūmiprāptam avaruddhaprasāravyāyāmam
Translation
অসময়ে পৌঁছানো বাহিনী ও যে এখনও উপযুক্ত ভূমিতে পৌঁছায়নি—এদের মধ্যে, ঋতু-উপযোগী অস্ত্র ও বর্ম থাকলেও অসময়ে পৌঁছানো বাহিনীর সঙ্গে যুদ্ধ করা উচিত; কিন্তু যে এখনও নিজের ভূমিতে পৌঁছায়নি এবং যার চলাচল ও অনুশীলন বাধাগ্রস্ত—তার সঙ্গে যুদ্ধ করা উচিত নয়।
Word by Word
अनृतु-भूमि-प्राप्तयोःof/when (the two sides) have reached an unfavourable season and (unfavourable) ground
अनृतु-भूमि-प्राप्तयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्राप्
Formसमस्तपदम्; ‘प्राप्त’ (कृदन्त, क्त) + ‘अनृतु’ + ‘भूमि’; ‘प्राप्तयोः’ = षष्ठी/सप्तमी द्विवचन (सन्दर्भतः: ‘of/when (two parties) have reached…’); अधिकरण/सम्बन्धार्थे
अनृतु-प्राप्तम्(that which is) not having reached the proper season / out of season
अनृतु-प्राप्तम्:
TypeAdjective (Kridanta)
Rootप्राप्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग एकवचन (प्रथमा/द्वितीया); ‘प्राप्त’ (क्त) = ‘reached/obtained’; विशेषणम्
यथा-ऋतु-युग्य-शस्त्र-आवरणम्season-appropriate weapons and protective equipment/armour
यथा-ऋतु-युग्य-शस्त्र-आवरणम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootवृ (आवरण) / युज् (युग्य)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग एकवचन (प्रथमा/द्वितीया); ‘यथा’ (अव्यय) उपपद; ‘ऋतुयुग्य’ = ऋतौ युग्यम् (ऋतुनुकूलम्); ‘शस्त्रावरण’ = शस्त्रं च आवरणं च / शस्त्रस्य आवरणम् (सैन्योपकरणसमूहः)
युध्येतshould fight
युध्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्), आत्मनेपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; विधिः/आदेशः = ‘should fight’
नnot
न:
TypeParticle
Rootन
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्ययम्
आ-भूमि-प्राप्तम्not having reached the ground/position (i.e., not properly in position on the battlefield)
आ-भूमि-प्राप्तम्:
TypeAdjective (Kridanta)
Rootप्राप्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग एकवचन (प्रथमा/द्वितीया); ‘आ-’ उपसर्गः; ‘प्राप्त’ (क्त)
अवरुद्ध-प्रसार-व्यायामम्(one) with obstructed deployment and manoeuvring space/mobility
अवरुद्ध-प्रसार-व्यायामम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootरुध् (अवरुद्ध) / सृ (प्रसार) / व्यायम् (व्यायाम)
Formपुं/नपुंसक एकवचन (प्रथमा/द्वितीया; सन्दर्भतः द्वितीया); ‘अवरुद्ध’ (क्त) = प्रतिबद्ध/रोधित; ‘प्रसार’ = विस्तार/गमन; ‘व्यायाम’ = श्रम/गतिचेष्टा; समस्तार्थः = ‘whose movement/room-for-manoeuvre is obstructed’
Entities Mentioned
E
enemy force (implicit)T
terrain/ground (bhūmi)FAQs
Kautilya treats season and ground as determinants of mobility and supply; engage when the opponent’s timing is suboptimal but they are still concentrated enough for decisive action.