Sutra 10
Devanagari script
अस्वामिविक्रयस्तु नष्टापहृतमासाद्य स्वामी धर्मस्थेन ग्राहयेत् ॥ कZ_०३.१६.१० ॥
Transliteration
asvāmivikrayas tu naṣṭāpahṛtam āsādya svāmī dharmasthena grāhayet
Translation
অ-মালিকের বিক্রয়ের ক্ষেত্রে, হারানো বা চুরি যাওয়া বস্তু পাওয়া গেলে প্রকৃত মালিক ধর্মস্থ (ম্যাজিস্ট্রেট)-এর মাধ্যমে তা উদ্ধার করবে।
Word by Word
अस्वामि-विक्रयःsale by a non-owner / unauthorized sale
अस्वामि-विक्रयः:
TypeNoun
Rootविक्रय (√क्री)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; ‘अस्वामिन्’ (षष्ठी-एकवचनार्थे) + ‘विक्रय’
तुbut; however
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक
नष्ट-अपहृतम्(property) lost or stolen
नष्ट-अपहृतम्:
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootनष्ट (√नश्) / अपहृत (अप-√हृ)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘(वस्तु) नष्टं वा अपहृतं वा’ इत्यर्थः
आसाद्यhaving found/obtained; upon coming upon
आसाद्य:
TypeGerund
Rootआ-√सद्
Formक्त्वान्त (अव्ययकृदन्त); ‘प्राप्य/लब्ध्वा’
स्वामीthe owner
स्वामी:
TypeNoun
Rootस्वामिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्तृ
धर्म-स्थेनby the judge / through the magistrate
धर्म-स्थेन:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मस्थ (धर्म + स्थ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-एकवचन; करण/सहायक; ‘धर्मे स्थितः’
ग्राहयेत्should cause (it) to be seized/handed over; should have it recovered (through legal authority)
ग्राहयेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√ग्रह् (णिच्)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ् (आज्ञार्थ/विध्यर्थ), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोगः (causative)
Entities Mentioned
S
svāmī (owner)D
dharmastha (magistrate)FAQs
To prevent vigilantism, preserve public order, and create an evidentiary record for liability allocation among possessor, seller, and intermediaries.
A non-owner cannot convey valid title; the owner’s claim survives downstream transactions.