Arthashastra — Adhyakshaprachara, Sutra 5
Devanagari script
सस्यवर्णानामर्घान्तरेण विनिमयः परिवर्तकः ॥ कZ_०२.१५.०५ ॥
Transliteration
sasyavarṇānām arghāntareṇa vinimayaḥ parivartakaḥ
Translation
‘পরিবর্তক’ হলো— এক প্রকার শস্যের সঙ্গে অন্য প্রকার শস্যের বিনিময়, যেখানে মূল্য/দরের পার্থক্য বিবেচনা করা হয়।
Word by Word
सस्यवर्णानाम्of the kinds/varieties of grain (crops)
सस्यवर्णानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसस्य; वर्ण
Formषष्ठी-बहुवचनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘सस्य’ (n.) + ‘वर्ण’ (m./n.) → ‘सस्यवर्ण’ = धान्य-प्रकार/वर्ण-भेद; तस्य षष्ठी बहुवचनम्
अर्घान्तरेणby/through a difference in price (rate differential)
अर्घान्तरेण:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्घ; अन्तर
Formतृतीया-एकवचनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘अर्घ-अन्तर’ = मूल्य-भेद/मूल्य-अन्तर; करण/हेतु-अर्थे तृतीया
विनिमयःexchange; barter/transaction
विनिमयः:
TypeNoun
Rootवि-नि-√इ (इण् गतौ) → विनिमय
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्गम्; कर्तृ/विषय-रूपे
परिवर्तकः(is) a changer/agent of conversion; one who effects exchange
परिवर्तकः:
TypeNoun
Rootपरि-√वृत् (वर्तने) → परिवर्तक
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्गम्; विशेषण/विधेय-रूपे (विनिमयस्य)
Entities Mentioned
S
state storehouse/trade officials [implicit]FAQs
It allows the state to substitute commodities for logistics needs while keeping accounts fair, preventing hidden losses through unequal barter.