Sutra 19
Devanagari script
तत्रारण्यो ग्राम्यः पर्वत औदको भौमः समो विषम इति विशेषाः ॥ कZ_०९.१.१९ ॥
Transliteration
tatrāraṇyo grāmyaḥ parvata audako bhaumaḥ samo viṣama iti viśeṣāḥ
Translation
সেখানে দেশের ভেদ হলো—অরণ্য, গ্রাম্য/চাষাবাদী, পার্বত্য; জলসমৃদ্ধ, স্থলভিত্তিক; সমতল ও অসম।
Word by Word
तत्रthere; in that context (i.e., among these)
तत्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
Formअव्यय (देशवाचक)
आरण्यःforest (type)
आरण्यः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअरण्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषण (ग्राम्यः इत्यस्य)
ग्राम्यःthe village-type (settlement)
ग्राम्यः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootग्राम्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; मुख्यपदम् (वर्गीकरण-शीर्ष)
पर्वतःmountain (type)
पर्वतः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर्वत
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषण (ग्राम्यः इत्यस्य)
औदकःwatery; connected with water (type)
औदकः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootउदक
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तद्धित (औदक = उदकसम्बन्धी); विशेषण
भौमःterrestrial; of the land (type)
भौमः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootभूमि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तद्धित (भौम = भूमिसम्बन्धी); विशेषण
समःeven; level (type)
समः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसम
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषण
विषमःuneven; irregular (type)
विषमः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootविषम
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषण
इतिthus; ‘as follows’
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formअव्यय; इत्यादि-समाप्त्यर्थक/उद्धरण-चिह्न
विशेषाःdistinctions; specific varieties
विशेषाः:
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-बहुवचन
Entities Mentioned
F
forest zonesV
villages/settlementsM
mountainsW
water bodiesFAQs
Different terrains require different policies for taxation, policing, fortification, transport, settlement, and resource extraction.
Forests tend to need frontier security, controlled extraction, and management of tribes/forest communities; settled zones prioritize revenue assessment, irrigation, and law-and-order in dense populations.