Shloka 17

Adhyaya 46 — Cosmic Dissolution, the Emergence of Brahma, and the Measures of Time (Yugas, Manvantaras, and Brahma’s Day)

Sanskrit

ब्रह्मत्वे सृजते लोकान् रुद्रत्वे संहरत्यपि ।

विष्णुत्वे चाप्युदासीनस्तिस्त्रोऽवस्थाः स्वयम्भुवः ॥

Transliteration

brahmatve sṛjate lokān rudratve saṃharaty api | viṣṇutve cāpy udāsīnas tistro 'vasthāḥ svayambhuvaḥ ||

Translation

ব্ৰহ্মা-ভাৱত তেওঁ জগতসমূহ সৃষ্টি কৰে; ৰুদ্ৰ-ভাৱত সেই জগত সংহাৰো কৰে; আৰু বিষ্ণু-ভাৱত তেওঁ উদাসীন, সম আৰু স্থিৰ থাকে। এইবোৰ স্বয়ম্ভূ আত্মাৰ তিন অৱস্থা।

Word by Word

• ब्रह्मत्वे: in (the state of) Brahmā-hood
• ब्रह्मत्वे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धितान्त (-त्व) ‘in the state of Brahmāhood’

• सृजते: creates
• सृजते: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; ‘creates’

• लोकान्: worlds
• लोकान्: कर्म (Karman/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• रुद्रत्वे: in (the state of) Rudra-hood
• रुद्रत्वे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्रत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धितान्त (-त्व)

• संहरति: destroys/withdraws
• संहरति: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सं-हृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्ग: सं-; ‘withdraws/destroys’

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि-भाव ‘also/even’

• विष्णुत्वे: in (the state of) Viṣṇu-hood
• विष्णुत्वे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णुत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धितान्त (-त्व)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• उदासीनः: indifferent/neutral
• उदासीनः: कर्तृसम्बन्धी विशेषण (Adjectival to subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदासीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण ‘indifferent/neutral’

• तिस्रः: three
• तिस्रः: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्या-विशेषण (numeral adjective)

• अवस्थाः: states/conditions
• अवस्थाः: कर्ता/विषय (Karta/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• स्वयम्भुवः: the Self-born (creator)
• स्वयम्भुवः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वयम्भू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषनाम ‘the Self-born’

Speakers

• Not specified in input.

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Svayambhū (as the one assuming Brahmā/Viṣṇu/Rudra roles)

Key Themes

• Three cosmic functions
• Divine detachment
• Unity of Trimūrti

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The preserver aspect is characterized by steadiness and impartiality (udāsīnatā), implying that true protection is grounded in balance rather than passion or aversion.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

It compactly maps Sarga (creation), and Pratisarga/Pralaya (dissolution), with Sthiti (maintenance) framed as the stable middle function.

What is the esoteric significance?

The three ‘states’ can be internalized as phases of experience: arising, subsiding, and the witnessing equilibrium that holds continuity.