Shloka 32

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

गुरूणामासनं देयमभ्युत्थानादिसत्कृतम् ।

अनुकूलं तथालापमभिवादनपूर्वकम् ॥

Transliteration

gurūṇām āsanaṃ deyam abhyutthānādi-satkṛtam | anukūlaṃ tathālāpam abhivādana-pūrvakam ||

Translation

গুৰু আৰু জ্যেষ্ঠসকলক আসন দিব লাগে আৰু উঠি থিয় হোৱা আদি সন্মান-ক্ৰিয়াৰে তেওঁলোকক সৎকাৰ কৰিব লাগে। নমস্কাৰেৰে আৰম্ভ কৰি মধুৰ বাক্যে কথা ক’ব লাগে।

Word by Word

• गुरूणाम्: of the elders/teachers
• गुरूणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• आसनम्: a seat
• आसनम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• देयम्: to be given
• देयम्: विधेय (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देय (कृदन्त; √दा)
• Form: कृदन्त (gerundive/यत्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेयविशेषण (predicative)

• अभ्युत्थानादि-सत्कृतम्: honored with standing up and the like
• अभ्युत्थानादि-सत्कृतम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभ्युत्थान + आदि + सत्कृत (कृदन्त; √कृ with सत्-उपसर्ग)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (अभ्युत्थानादिभिः सत्कृतम् = honored by standing up etc.); भूतकृदन्त (क्त)

• अनुकूलम्: pleasant, agreeable
• अनुकूलम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुकूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying आलापम्)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ (likewise)

• आलापम्: conversation, speech
• आलापम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आलाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अभिवादनपूर्वकम्: preceded by salutation
• अभिवादनपूर्वकम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिवादन + पूर्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव (अभिवादनं पूर्वं यस्य/with salutation first)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Guru-bhakti
• Social ethics
• Humility

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Knowledge and virtue are preserved through reverence toward teachers. Respect is not only internal; it must be enacted through bodily gestures (offering a seat, rising) and refined speech.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘guru’ functions as a living axis of dharma; rising and offering a seat externalize the inner act of ‘placing’ higher wisdom above ego.