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Shloka 22

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

तत्‌ तेरहं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि

tad etad ahaṃ sampravakṣyāmi yan māṃ tvaṃ paripṛcchasi | yat tu sammohasaṃyuktam avyaktaviṣayaṃ bhavet | apratarkyam avijñeyaṃ tamas tad upadhāryatām ||

ব্যাসে ক’লে—পুত্ৰ! তুমি মোক যি সুধিছা, সেয়া এতিয়া মই ক’ম। যেতিয়া মোহ-সংযুক্ত অৱস্থা উদ্ভৱ হয়, বিষয় অস্পষ্ট হয়, যুক্তি তাত উপনীত নহয় আৰু স্পষ্টকৈ জানিব নোৱাৰি—তেতিয়া বুজিবা যে তাত তমোগুণেই কাৰ্য কৰি আছে।

तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
सम्प्रवक्ष्यामिI shall fully explain / tell
सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्which (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
परिपृच्छसिyou ask (repeatedly/in detail)
परिपृच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut / however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सम्मोह-संयुक्तम्connected with delusion
सम्मोह-संयुक्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्मोहसंयुक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अव्यक्त-विषयम्having an unmanifest/unclear object
अव्यक्त-विषयम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्तविषय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Liṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अप्रतर्क्यम्not reachable by reasoning
अप्रतर्क्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रतर्क्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अविज्ञेयम्not knowable
अविज्ञेयम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअविज्ञेय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तमःdarkness; tamas (inertia)
तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (as such)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपधार्यताम्let it be understood / considered
उपधार्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormImperative (Loṭ), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, causative/niyoga sense: 'let it be understood/considered' with उप- prefix

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Vyāsa gives a diagnostic mark of tamas: when delusion dominates so that the object becomes unclear, reasoning cannot function effectively, and clear knowledge does not arise, one should recognize the predominance of tamas-guṇa.

In a didactic exchange in the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa responds to a question by outlining a principle of inner discernment—how to identify a tamasic mental state by its confusion, obscurity, and incapacity for clear understanding.