Mahabharata 1.151.45 — Adi Parva, Adhyaya 151, Shloka 45

बक-राक्षसस्य आह्वानम् तथा वृक्षयुद्धम्

Summons of Baka and the Tree-Weapon Engagement

Devanagari script

पास्यन्तीमे जल पश्चात्‌ प्रतिबुद्धा जितक्लमा: । इति भीमो व्यवस्यैव जजागार स्वयं तदा

Transliteration

pāsyantīme jala paścāt pratibuddhā jitaklamāḥ | iti bhīmo vyavasyaiva jajāgāra svayaṃ tadā ||

Translation

ভীমে স্থিৰ কৰিলে—“ইহঁতে ক্লান্তি গুচি জাগি উঠিলে পাছত পানী খাব।” এই সিদ্ধান্ত লৈ সেই সময়ত ভীম নিজেই জাগি থাকিল—নিজৰ বিশ্ৰামতকৈ আনসকলৰ ৰক্ষাকেই অধিক গুৰুত্ব দিলে।

Word by Word

• पाश्यन्तीम्: seeing (female/that which sees); (here) 'seeing (them)'
• पाश्यन्तीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पश्यन्ती (√दृश्)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इमे: these
• इमे: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जलम्: water
• जलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• पश्चात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात्

• प्रतिबुद्धाः: awakened
• प्रतिबुद्धाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतिबुद्ध (प्रति+√बुध्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जितक्लमाः: having overcome fatigue
• जितक्लमाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जितक्लम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• भीमः: Bhima
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• व्यवस्य: having resolved/decided
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यवस्य (√वस्/√वस्? actually √वस् not; from √वस् is incorrect; here from √वस्? better: √वस् is 'to dwell'. 'व्यवस्य' is absolutive from √वस्? In epics, 'व्यवस्य' = having resolved from √वस्/√वस्?; standard is √वस् (to decide) as denominative 'व्यवस्यति' from 'व्यवसाय'.
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• जजागार: stayed awake / awoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जागृ
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Karta
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम्

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
• water (jala)
• brothers (implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights ethical vigilance and responsibility: Bhīma prioritizes the welfare and safety of others, choosing to keep watch so that his companions may rest and recover before taking water.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīma observes that his brothers are asleep and decides that they should drink water only after waking and regaining strength; he therefore resolves to remain awake himself and keep vigil at that time.