Shloka 37

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

Devanagari script

त्वमेव विश्वं बहुधा सदसत् सूयते च यत् / नमो रुद्राय सूर्याय त्वामहं शरणं गतः

Transliteration

tvameva viśvaṃ bahudhā sadasat sūyate ca yat / namo rudrāya sūryāya tvāmahaṃ śaraṇaṃ gataḥ

Translation

আপুনিই এই সমগ্ৰ বিশ্ব—বহু ৰূপে সৎ-অসৎ আৰু যি যি উৎপন্ন হয় সেয়া। ৰুদ্রৰূপে, সূৰ্যৰূপে আপোনাক নমস্কাৰ; মই আপোনাৰ শৰণ লৈছোঁ।

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/alone
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• विश्वम्: the universe/all
• विश्वम्: Pradhana-predicative (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• बहुधा: in many ways/manifold
• बहुधा: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहुधा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• सत्: being/existent
• सत्: Karma (कर्म; as object within relative clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: √अस् (धातु) वर्तमान-कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; here as noun ‘being’ (paired)

• असत्: non-being/non-existent
• असत्: Karma (कर्म; as object within relative clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘non-being’ (paired with सत्)

• सूयते: is produced/is born
• सूयते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सू (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार; प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि/भावे-प्रयोग (passive/impersonal sense) ‘is produced/is born’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma (कर्म/Object of सूयते; ‘that which’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय (relative pronoun)

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Salutation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभूत-प्रयोग (indeclinable interjection); नमस्कारार्थ (salutation)

• रुद्राय: to Rudra
• रुद्राय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन

• सूर्याय: to Sūrya
• सूर्याय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शरणम्: refuge
• शरणम्: Gati-karma (गति-कर्म/Goal-object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; गत्यर्थक-क्रियायाः कर्म (object of motion)

• गतः: (I have) gone/approached
• गतः: Kriya (क्रिया; participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु) + गत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past active participle); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तरि-प्रयोग ‘having gone/approached’ (with implied अस्मि)

Speaker

A devotee-supplicant within the Kurma Purana’s devotional discourse (stuti), addressing the Supreme as Rudra and Sūrya

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Rudra
• Surya

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It identifies the one Supreme as the totality of manifestation—appearing as sat (the manifest/existent) and asat (the unmanifest category)—implying a single source behind all states of being.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes śaraṇāgati (taking refuge/surrender) and ekatva-bhāvanā (contemplating one Lord as all forms), a devotional concentration aligned with Purāṇic Yoga where meditation culminates in single-pointed reliance on Īśvara.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By saluting the same Supreme as “Rudra” and “Sūrya” while asserting “you alone are the universe,” it reflects the Kurma Purana’s integrative stance: sectarian names denote one Īśvara, supporting a Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis.