Mantra 16

Sukta 92

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यो राजा चर्षणीनां याता रथेभिरध्रिगुः । विश्वासां तरुता पृतनानां ज्येष्ठो यो वृत्रहा गृणे

IAST Transliteration

yó rājā carṣaṇīnāṁ yātā ráthebhir ádhriguḥ | víśvāsāṁ tarutā́ pṛ́tanānāṁ jyéṣṭho yó vṛtrahā́ gṛṇé

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

He who is king of the peoples, who fares with chariots, unrestrained; the overcomer of all battles, the chief—him, the Vṛtra-slayer, I hymn.

Translation

যি জনসমূহৰ ৰজা, যি ৰথসমূহেৰে গমন কৰে—অধ্ৰিগু (অবাধ/অদম্য); সকলো যুদ্ধৰ তাৰুতা (জয়ী/অতিক্ৰমকাৰী), জ্যেষ্ঠ—সেই বৃত্ৰহা (বৃত্ৰ-বধক) জনক মই গৃণে (স্তৱন কৰোঁ)।

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• राजा: king
• राजा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• चर्षणीनाम्: of the peoples/men
• चर्षणीनाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्षणि (प्रातिपदिक)

• याता: the goer/leader
• याता: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent) / Epithet
• Root: या (धातु) → यातृ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक); यातृ/यात (agent)

• रथेभिः: with chariots
• रथेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अध्रिगुः: unfailing/unyielding (in battle)
• अध्रिगुः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: अध्रिगु (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहिः/उपाधि)

• विश्वासाम्: of all
• विश्वासाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (सर्व/विश्-सम्बद्ध प्रातिपदिक) → विश्वा (स्त्री.)

• तरुता: overcomer, conqueror
• तरुता: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent) / Epithet
• Root: तॄ (धातु) → तरुत्/तरुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, ‘overcomer’)

• पृतनानाम्: of battles/armies
• पृतनानाम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृतना (प्रातिपदिक)

• ज्येष्ठः: the foremost, eldest
• ज्येष्ठः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वृत्रहा: Vṛtra-slayer
• वृत्रहा: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक; समासः वृत्र + हन्)

• गृणे: I praise/sing
• गृणे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गॄ (धातु) → गृणाति

Attribution

Rishi: RV-source r̥ṣi attribution (Indra-stotra tradition) carried into AV 20.

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (stotra style)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Rising proclamation of sovereignty culminating in the decisive Vṛtra-slayer identity.","listener_experience":"Surge of courage, dominance, readiness to confront.","intensity":8}