Arthashastra — Adhyakshaprachara, Sutra 12

Devanagari script

शालिव्रीहिकोद्रवतिलप्रियङ्गूदारकवरकाः पूर्ववापाः ॥ कZ_०२.२४.१२ ॥

Transliteration

śālivrīhikodravatilapriyaṅgūdārakavarakāḥ pūrvavāpāḥ

Translation

শালি, ব্ৰীহি (ধানৰ এক প্ৰকাৰ), কোদ্ৰৱ (এটা ধৰণৰ মিলেট), তিল, প্ৰিয়ঙ্গু (কঙ্গনী/পেনিক-চিড), দাৰক আৰু বৰক—এইবোৰেই পূৰ্বৱাপ (আগতে বপন কৰিবলগীয়া শস্য)।

Word by Word

• शालि: śāli rice (paddy)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शालि
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (सूची/समाहारार्थे)

• व्रीहि: vrīhi rice
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रीहि
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (सूची/समाहारार्थे)

• कोद्रव: kodrava (a millet grain)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोद्रव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (सूची/समाहारार्थे)

• तिल: tila sesame
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (सूची/समाहारार्थे)

• प्रियङ्गु: priyaṅgu (a grain/plant)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियङ्गु
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (सूची/समाहारार्थे)

• उदारक: udāraka (a grain variety)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदारक
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (सूची/समाहारार्थे)

• वरक: varaka (a pulse/grain variety)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरक
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन (सूची/समाहारार्थे)

• पूर्ववापाः: early sowings (crops to be sown first / in the earlier season)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वप् (वपन/वाप)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘वाप’ = वपन/वपनकर्म/वपनकालः (sowing/seed-time)

Entities Mentioned

• state agricultural manager
• cultivators
• crop types (rice, millet, sesame, etc.)

More Details

FAQs

What is the administrative intent of listing crops as pūrvavāpāḥ?

To standardize an official sowing sequence so the state can coordinate labor, irrigation scheduling, and expected yields/taxes by season.