Vamana Purana — Vishnu's Sleep (Ashunya-Shayana), Shloka 39

The Caturmasya Observances and the Rite of Vishnu’s Sleep (Aśūnya-Śayana) and Shiva’s Monthly Vows

Devanagari script

धूपं श्रीवृक्षनिर्यासं नैवेद्यं मधुनोदनम् संनिवेद्या रक्तशालिर्दक्षिणा परिकीर्त्तिता नमो ऽस्तु प्रीयतां शर्वस्त्विति वाच्यं च पण्डितैः

Transliteration

dhūpaṃ śrīvṛkṣaniryāsaṃ naivedyaṃ madhunodanam saṃnivedyā raktaśālirdakṣiṇā parikīrttitā namo 'stu prīyatāṃ śarvastviti vācyaṃ ca paṇḍitaiḥ

Translation

ينبغي أن يُقَدَّم البخور المصنوع من راتنج شجرة śrīvṛkṣa، وأن تُقَدَّم النَّيْوِدْيَا (naivedya) طعامًا من الأرز المُحَلّى بالعسل. وبعد إتمام التقدمة على وجهها، يُعلَن أن أرز śāli الأحمر هو الدَّكْشِنَا (dakṣiṇā) أي أجر الكاهن. ويقول العلماء إنه يُتلى أيضًا: «نمو’ستو؛ ليرضَ شَرْفَة (Śarva)».

Word by Word

• dhūpam: incense
• dhūpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• śrī-vṛkṣa-niryāsam: resin of the śrī-tree
• śrī-vṛkṣa-niryāsam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrī (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + niryāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (genitive determinative): 'śrīvṛkṣasya niryāsaḥ'

• naivedyam: food offering
• naivedyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: naivedya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुṃsaka (Neuter), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana

• madhunā: with honey
• madhunā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुṃsaka (Neuter), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Ekavacana

• odanam: rice-porridge
• odanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: odana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana

• saṃnivedya: having offered
• saṃnivedya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ni-√vid (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Absolutive/Gerund (त्वान्त/ल्यप्), 'having offered/presented'

• rakta-śāliḥ: red rice (śāli)
• rakta-śāliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rakta (प्रातिपदिक) + śāli (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; karmadhāraya: 'raktaḥ śāliḥ'

• dakṣiṇā: fee/gift (dakṣiṇā)
• dakṣiṇā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dakṣiṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana

• parikīrttitā: is declared
• parikīrttitā: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√kīrt (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Past Passive Participle (क्त/PPP), Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'has been declared/mentioned'

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambodhana/Prayojana (सम्बोधन/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable interjection/particle): salutation

• astu: let there be
• astu: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; 'let it be'

• prīyatām: may (he) be pleased
• prīyatām: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √prī (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ (Imperative), Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana, Ātmanepada; passive/benedictive sense: 'may (he) be pleased'

• śarvaḥ: Śarva (Śiva)
• śarvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; proper name of Śiva

• tu: indeed/and
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle (emphasis/contrast)

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyaparisamāpti/Quote marker (इति-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; quotative particle

• vācyam: should be said
• vācyam: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: Gerundive (तव्य/अनीय), Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; impersonal: 'is to be said'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• paṇḍitaiḥ: by the learned
• paṇḍitaiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/3rd), Bahuvacana (Plural)

Speakers

• Pulastya to Nārada (typical framing for this section; specific speaker not explicit in the given extract)

Primary Deities

• Śiva (Śarva)
• Viṣṇu (implicit broader vrata context in Vāmana Purāṇa)

Key Themes

• Shaiva-Vaishnava Synthesis
• Vrata/Rituals
• Mantra/Japa
• Dāna (dakṣiṇā)
• Bhakti

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual devotion is paired with generosity: worship (pūjā) culminates in dakṣiṇā, reinforcing that piety is incomplete without giving and honoring religious service.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is ācāra/dharma-vidhi (prescriptive ritual instruction). It is not genealogical or cosmogonic; it serves the Purāṇic function of teaching dharma through calendrical observances.

What is the symbolic significance?

The explicit Śaiva mantra (‘may Śarva be pleased’) within a Vāmana Purāṇa vrata-sequence exemplifies the text’s sectarian harmony: offerings and praise can be directed to Śiva without contradiction, implying complementarity/identity of divine grace across forms.