Verse 1

Bhikshuka

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ॐ अथ भिक्षूणां मोक्षार्थिनां कुटीचकबहूदकहंसपरमहंसाश्चेति चत्वारः॥१॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

ॐ । अथ । भिक्षूणाम् । मोक्ष-अर्थिनाम् । कुटीचक-बहूदक-हंस-परमहंसाः । च । इति । चत्वारः ॥१॥

IAST Transliteration

oṁ atha bhikṣūṇāṁ mokṣārthināṁ kuṭīcaka-bahūdaka-haṁsa-paramahaṁsāś ceti catvāraḥ ||1||

Translation

أوم. الآن: إنّ المتسوّلين السالكين إلى الموكشا (التحرّر) أربعةُ أصناف: الكوṭيتشاكا، والبهوداكا، والهمسا، والبرمهَمسا.

Academic Translation

Om. Now, of mendicants who seek liberation, there are four (types): the Kuṭīcaka, the Bahūdaka, the Haṁsa, and the Paramahaṁsa.

Verse Context

• Moksha (liberation) and Sannyasa (renunciation) typology
• Mahavakya: Indirect: frames the sannyāsin’s pursuit culminating in non-dual realization aligned with ‘ahaṁ brahmāsmi’/‘tat tvam asi’.
• Atharva
• Chandas: Prose