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Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 83

Devanagari script

यच्चाक्रुश्य ददात्यंग दत्त्वा वाक्रोशति द्विजम् । पैशाचं तद्वृथा दानंदाननाशास्त्रयस्त्वमी

Transliteration

yaccākruśya dadātyaṃga dattvā vākrośati dvijam | paiśācaṃ tadvṛthā dānaṃdānanāśāstrayastvamī

Translation

وأيُّها الحبيب، العطاءُ الذي يُقدَّم مع السِّباب (للمتلقي)، أو الذي بعد تقديمه يُشتم به البراهمن، فهو «بيشاشا» (paiśāca) ويغدو هباءً. وهذه حقًّا هي الطرائق الثلاث التي يُفسَد بها العطاء.

Word by Word
yatwhich (gift)
yat:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, accusative singular); सम्बन्धसूचक
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
ākruśyahaving reviled
ākruśya:
Kriya (Gerundial action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√kruś (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), 'आक्रुश्य' = 'having abused/cried at'
dadātigives
dadāti:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
aṅgaO dear; O sir
aṅga:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaṅga (अव्यय/सम्बोधन)
Formसम्बोधनार्थक-अव्यय (vocative particle/interjection)
dattvāhaving given
dattvā:
Kriya (Gerundial action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (Alternative/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
krośatishouts at; abuses
krośati:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kruś (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान/Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
dvijama brāhmaṇa; twice-born
dvijam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (masculine, accusative singular)
paiśācāmpaiśāca (ghoulish)
paiśācām:
Visheshana (Predicate adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpaiśāca (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
tatthat
tat:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
vṛthāin vain
vṛthā:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvṛthā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण
dānamgift; donation
dānam:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)
dānagift
dāna:
Visheshya (Qualifier/समासाङ्ग)
TypeNoun
Rootdāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक; समासाङ्ग
nāśāḥ(are) destructions (of gifts)
nāśāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (masculine, nominative plural); दान-नाशाः = 'destructions of gifts'
trayaḥthree
trayaḥ:
Visheshana (Adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottraya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (masculine, nominative plural)
tvamyou
tvam:
Sambodhana/Karta (Address/implicit subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा, एकवचन (2nd person pronoun, nominative singular)
imethese
ime:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (masculine, nominative plural); पाठे 'त्वमी' → 'त्वम् इमे' (sandhi)
Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) addressing the sages (deduced from Māheśvarakhaṇḍa narrative convention)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A tense moment: a donor extends a gift while speaking harshly; the brāhmaṇa recipient stands composed; the teacher gestures to stop the abuse, emphasizing that the insult burns the merit.

Characters & Entities
D
Dvija
P
Paiśāca

FAQs

Charity must be accompanied by respect; humiliating the recipient destroys the merit of giving.

No tīrtha is named; the teaching concerns the moral conduct surrounding dāna.

Do not insult while giving or after giving; such charity is termed ‘paiśāca’ and becomes fruitless, completing the triad of dāna-nāśa.

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