तदधो नरकाः कोट्यो द्विकोट्योऽग्निस्ततो महान् । चत्वारिंशत्सहस्रैश्च तदधस्तम उच्यते
tadadho narakāḥ koṭyo dvikoṭyo'gnistato mahān | catvāriṃśatsahasraiśca tadadhastama ucyate
وتحت ذلك جحيمٌ بعدد الكرورات؛ وتحتها نارٌ عظيمة مقدارها كروَران. ثم تحت ذلك، على مسافة أربعين ألفًا، ما يُسمّى «تامس» أي الظلمة.
Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages (deduced)
Listener: Bhārata (addressed)
Scene: A vertical cosmological cutaway: above, faint earth; below, stacked strata—countless hells, then a vast blazing fire, then an abyssal region labeled Tamas, rendered as near-total darkness with only ember-glow at the boundary.
The layered depiction of suffering and darkness emphasizes the seriousness of adharma and the need for righteous, śāstra-guided life.
None; this is cosmological narration in a naraka context.
None in this verse.