Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

तस्यासन्नव सुताः पार्थ नववर्षेश्वराः स्मृताः । तेषां नाम्ना च ते वर्षास्तिष्ठंत्यद्यापि चांकिताः

Transliteration

tasyāsannava sutāḥ pārtha navavarṣeśvarāḥ smṛtāḥ | teṣāṃ nāmnā ca te varṣāstiṣṭhaṃtyadyāpi cāṃkitāḥ

Translation

يا بارثا، كان له تسعةُ أبناء يُذكَرون سادةً لتسعِ ڤرشات (أقاليم). وإلى اليوم ما تزال تلك الأقاليم موسومةً بأسمائهم.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी/possessive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• आसन्: were
• आसन्: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)

• नव: nine
• नव: Visheshana (विशेषण/quantifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नवन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective), बहुवचनार्थे (used with plural)

• सुताः: sons
• सुताः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• पार्थ: O Pārtha
• पार्थ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• नववर्षेश्वराः: lords of the nine varṣas (regions)
• नववर्षेश्वराः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to सुताः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नव-वर्ष-ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक; नव + वर्ष + ईश्वर)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘वर्षाणाम् ईश्वराः’ (lords of the regions/years)

• स्मृताः: are said/remembered
• स्मृताः: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘are remembered/counted’

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी/possessive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• नाम्ना: by (their) names
• नाम्ना: Karana (करण/means; ‘by name’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ते: those
• ते: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• वर्षाः: regions (varṣas)
• वर्षाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; with तिष्ठन्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• तिष्ठन्ति: remain/stand
• तिष्ठन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अद्यापि: even today/still
• अद्यापि: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य + अपि (अव्यय-समूह)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अंकिताः: are marked/denoted
• अंकिताः: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate; agreeing with वर्षाः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अङ्क् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘marked/denoted’

Speaker

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) (deduced: Māheśvara Khaṇḍa narration to sages)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Navavarṣa (Jambūdvīpa)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārtha (addressed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A map-like depiction of Jambūdvīpa divided into nine regions, each labeled with a son’s name; a narrator addresses ‘Pārtha’ as the regions appear as living, inscribed lands.

Characters & Entities

• Pārtha (vocative)
• Nine Varṣas (Navavarṣa)
• Nine rulers (implicit: sons of Āgnīdhra)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sacred geography is encoded in memory and naming—regions become dharmic markers through lineage and righteous rule.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The nine varṣas (regions) of Jambūdvīpa are referenced collectively; no single pilgrimage site is detailed.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a statement about regional divisions and their enduring names.