Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 20
Devanagari script
निषसाद रथोपस्थे दुर्वाचा सुजनो यथा । तथागतं तु तं दृष्ट्वा धनेशं वै मृतं यथा
Transliteration
niṣasāda rathopasthe durvācā sujano yathā | tathāgataṃ tu taṃ dṛṣṭvā dhaneśaṃ vai mṛtaṃ yathā
Translation
هوى على مقعد العربة، كالرجل الصالح الذي تُذِلّه الكلمات القاسية. فلما رأوه على تلك الحال ظنّوا حقًّا أن دَنيشا، ربّ الثروة، كأنه قد مات.
Word by Word
niṣasādasat down, sank down
niṣasāda:
Kriya (Main verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni + sad (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect); प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: नि (he sat down/collapsed)
ratha-upastheon the seat of the chariot
ratha-upasthe:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक) + upastha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-विभक्ति; एकवचन (Masculine, Locative singular)
durvācāharsh speech
durvācā:
Karta (Subject in simile/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdurvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative singular; 'harsh speech')
sujanaḥa good person
sujanaḥ:
Karta (Subject in simile/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsujana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति; एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative singular)
yathāas, like
yathā:
Sambandha (Comparative marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमानार्थक (comparative particle: 'as')
tathāso, thus
tathā:
Sambandha (Correlative marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तद्वत्/एवम्-अर्थक (correlative adverb: 'so, thus')
āgatamcome, arrived
āgatam:
Karma (Object qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootā + gam (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुं/नपुंसक; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन; उपसर्ग: आ (Accusative singular: 'come/arrived', qualifying tam)
tubut, indeed
tu:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/अन्वयार्थक (particle: 'but/indeed')
tamhim
tam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative singular pronoun)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriya (पूर्वक्रिया/Adverbial action)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund); धातु: दृश् (to see) (having seen)
dhaneśamDhanesha (Kubera)
dhaneśam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdhaneśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative singular)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक/खलु-अर्थक (emphatic particle: 'indeed')
mṛtamdead
mṛtam:
Karma (Object qualifier/कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmṛta (प्रातिपदिक; from mṛ धातु + kta)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle); पुं/नपुंसक; द्वितीया-विभक्ति; एकवचन (Accusative singular; 'dead', qualifying dhaneśam/tam)
yathāas if
yathā:
Sambandha (Comparative marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमानार्थक (comparative particle: 'as if')
Speaker
Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) narrating to the sages (deduced)
Visual Art Cues
Scene: Kubera slumps onto the chariot-seat, limp and pale; companions stare, believing him dead; the metaphor of ‘cruel words’ appears as dark arrows striking a gentle figure in a parallel vignette.
Characters & Entities
D
Dhaneśa (Kubera)S
SujanaFAQs
Cruel speech can ‘kill’ the spirit of the virtuous; dharma upholds gentle, truthful, beneficial vāṇī.
No tīrtha is referenced.
None.