हेषितैर्हयवृंदानां रथनेमिस्वनेन च । घोषेण चैव तूर्याणां युगांत इव चाभवत्
heṣitairhayavṛṃdānāṃ rathanemisvanena ca | ghoṣeṇa caiva tūryāṇāṃ yugāṃta iva cābhavat
بصهيل جموع الخيل، وبهدير عجلات المركبات، وبضجيج آلات الحرب، بدا المشهد كأنه نهاية يوجا، آخر الزمان لدورةٍ كاملة.
Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages
Scene: A vast army surges; horses rear and neigh; chariot wheels thunder; war-drums and trumpets blare, creating an apocalyptic, yuga-ending atmosphere under dust-darkened skies.
Unrestrained violence creates an apocalyptic atmosphere—an outer sign of inner disorder (adharma).
None in this verse; it is a simile-driven battle depiction.
None.