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Shloka 12

नरकलोकमार्गयमदूतस्वरूपवर्णनम् / Description of the Path to Naraka and the Nature of Yama’s Messengers

क्वचिद्विषमगर्तैश्च क्वचिल्लोष्टैस्सुदुष्करैः । सुतप्तवालुकाभिश्च तथा तीक्ष्णैश्च शंकुभिः

kvacidviṣamagartaiśca kvacilloṣṭaissuduṣkaraiḥ | sutaptavālukābhiśca tathā tīkṣṇaiśca śaṃkubhiḥ

في مواضعَ كانت حُفَرٌ وعرة غير مستوية، وفي مواضعَ أخرى أكوامُ كُتَلٍ صلبةٍ عسيرةُ العبور، وفي مواضعَ رملٌ محمّى لاهب، ومعه أوتادٌ حادّة—فاشتدّت الطريقُ وعاقت السائرين.

kvacitsomewhere; at times
kvacit:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormDeśa/avasthā-avyaya (देश/अवस्था-अव्यय, adverb)
viṣama-gartaiḥwith uneven pits
viṣama-gartaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣama (प्रातिपदिक) + garta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: 'uneven pits'
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
kvacitsomewhere; at times
kvacit:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkvacit (अव्यय)
FormDeśa/avasthā-avyaya (देश/अवस्था-अव्यय, adverb)
loṣṭaiḥwith clods/stones
loṣṭaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootloṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)
su-duṣkaraiḥvery hard (to cross)
su-duṣkaraiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + duṣkara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: 'very difficult (to traverse)' (qualifying loṣṭaiḥ or implied obstacles)
sutapta-vālukābhiḥwith scorching sand
sutapta-vālukābhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsutapta (प्रातिपदिक; PPP of √tap with su-) + vālukā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: sutaptā vālukā = 'well-heated sand'
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
tathālikewise; also
tathā:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormUpamā/saṃgraha-avyaya (उपमा/संग्रह-अव्यय, adverb: 'likewise/also')
tīkṣṇaiḥsharp
tīkṣṇaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottīkṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); viśeṣaṇa of śaṃkubhiḥ
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात, conjunction)
śaṃkubhiḥwith spikes/stakes
śaṃkubhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśaṃku (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Rudra

Significance: Highlights the ‘obstructed path’ of embodied life (pits, clods, hot sand, stakes) as karma’s rough terrain; motivates seeking Śiva’s guidance and grace to transcend obstacles.

S
Shiva

FAQs

It portrays the spiritual journey as a difficult passage filled with hindrances—symbolic of pasha (bondage) and karmic obstructions that must be crossed through Shiva-bhakti, discipline, and right knowledge.

By emphasizing obstacles and suffering, the verse indirectly points to taking refuge in Saguna Shiva—worship of the Linga as a steady support—so the devotee can endure hardships and move toward Shiva’s grace.

A practical takeaway is steady japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with disciplined sadhana; enduring difficulties with remembrance of Shiva is the implied practice.