Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 49

मृत्युञ्जय-विद्या-प्रादुर्भावः

The Manifestation/Transmission of the Mṛtyuñjaya Vidyā

Devanagari script

आवर्षं प्रतिघस्रां ये नक्तव्रतपरायणाः । त्वद्दिने शुक्रकूपे ये कृतसर्वोदकक्रियाः

Transliteration

āvarṣaṃ pratighasrāṃ ye naktavrataparāyaṇāḥ | tvaddine śukrakūpe ye kṛtasarvodakakriyāḥ

Translation

الذين يلازمون طوال موسم الأمطار نكتافراتا، نذرَ الليل، والذين في يومكَ المقدّس يُتمّون جميع طقوس الماء عند البئر المقدّسة شُكرا-كوبا—فليَنَلْ كلُّ أولئك العابدين، بنعمتكَ، ثمرةَ عبادتهم.

Word by Word

• आवर्षम्: for a year, throughout the year
• आवर्षम्: अधिकरण (Temporal adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् कालवाचक प्रयोग (adverbial accusative of time): ‘for a year/throughout the year’

• प्रतिघस्रम्: daily
• प्रतिघस्रम्: अधिकरण (Temporal adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रतिघस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् कालवाचक प्रयोग (adverbial accusative): ‘daily/every day’

• ये: those who
• ये: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (relative pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• नक्त-व्रत-परायणाः: devoted to the night-vow
• नक्त-व्रत-परायणाः: विशेषण (Qualifier of ye)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नक्त (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + परायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative): नक्तव्रते परायणाः (devoted to the night-vow); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• त्वत्-दिने: on your day (dedicated day)
• त्वत्-दिने: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location-time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास: त्वत् (तव) दिनम् (your day); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• शुक्र-कूपे: in the Śukra-well
• शुक्र-कूपे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्र (प्रातिपदिक) + कूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (determinative): शुक्रस्य कूपः (Śukra-well); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• ये: those who
• ये: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (relative pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• कृत-सर्व-उदक-क्रियाः: having performed all water-rites
• कृत-सर्व-उदक-क्रियाः: विशेषण (Qualifier of ye)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृ-धातु + क्त, कृदन्त) + सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + उदक (प्रातिपदिक) + क्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (determinative): सर्वोदकक्रियाः कृताः येषां ते (those who have performed all water-rites); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: Establishes seasonal and calendrical observances tied to the Śukreśa complex: naktavrata through the rainy season and sarvodaka-kriyā at Śukra-kūpa on the deity’s sacred day. The tīrtha (kūpa) becomes a ritual extension of the liṅga’s grace-field.

Significance: Merit accrues through disciplined vrata and tīrtha-kriyā; in Siddhānta terms, such caryā (observance) and kriyā (ritual) purify the paśu and dispose one toward Śiva’s anugraha.

Shakti Dimension

Role: nurturing

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It praises disciplined devotion—regular vows (vrata) and purificatory rites—as concrete expressions of bhakti that draw Shiva’s grace, which in Shaiva Siddhanta is the decisive factor for spiritual upliftment.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

The verse highlights ritual observances tied to Shiva’s sacred day and a holy tīrtha; such acts typically culminate in water-offerings and abhiṣeka to Saguna Shiva (often as the Liṅga), treating the Lord as personally present and receptive to devotion.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

It suggests naktavrata (night-vow/fasting discipline) and sarvodaka-kriyā (complete water-rites such as ablution, offerings, and purification) performed on Shiva’s sacred day at a consecrated place.