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Shloka 21

Śiva–Hari–Rudra–Vidhīnāṃ Tattva-nirṇayaḥ

Identity of Śiva, Viṣṇu, Rudra, and Brahmā; Nirguṇa–Saguṇa Reconciliation

तस्माच्चतुर्गुणः प्रोक्तः शिव एव मुनीश्वराः । स एव सगुणो ज्ञेयः शक्तिमत्त्वाद्द्विधापि सः

tasmāccaturguṇaḥ proktaḥ śiva eva munīśvarāḥ | sa eva saguṇo jñeyaḥ śaktimattvāddvidhāpi saḥ

لذلك، يا سادةَ الحكماء، إن شيفا وحده يُعلَن ذا أربعة أوجه. وهو وحده يُعرَف بأنه «سَغونا» (ذو صفات)، إذ لامتلاكه الشاكتي يتجلّى أيضًا على نحوٍ مزدوج.

तस्मात्therefore; from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; अपादान (ablative)
चतुर्गुणःfourfold; having four qualities
चतुर्गुणः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatur + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; ‘चत्वारः गुणाः यस्य’ इत्यर्थे (चार-गुण-युक्त)
प्रोक्तःis declared
प्रोक्तः:
Kriya (क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra + vac (धातु) + prokta (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण
शिवःŚiva
शिवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśiva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्ता/विषय
एवindeed; alone
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis/only)
मुनीश्वराःO lords of sages
मुनीश्वराः:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे प्रथमा (vocative sense)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्ता/विषय
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण
स-गुणःwith qualities; qualified
स-गुणः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण; ‘गुणैः सह’ (with attributes)
ज्ञेयःto be known
ज्ञेयः:
Kriya (क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootjñā (धातु) + jñeya (कृदन्त)
Formतव्यत्/अनीयर्-अर्थक (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (to be known)
शक्ति-मत्त्वात्because of possessing power
शक्ति-मत्त्वात्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootśakti + mat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; हेतु/अपादान (because of)
द्विधाin two ways
द्विधा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdvidhā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (in two ways)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (also/even)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्ता/विषय

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: creative

S
Shiva
S
Shakti

FAQs

The verse teaches that the Supreme Lord Shiva is not limited to a single description: He is spoken of as “fourfold” and also as manifest in duality through Śakti. For devotees, this frames Shiva as the transcendent Pati who can still be approached in a knowable, worshipful form for liberation.

By saying Shiva is to be known as Saguna due to His Śakti, the text supports icon-and-Linga worship: the Lord graciously assumes attributes and forms so the bound soul (paśu) can concentrate, serve, and realize Him, while His highest nature remains beyond limitation.

A practical takeaway is Saguna upāsanā: worship Shiva with mantra-japa (especially the Panchakshara, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), and meditation on Shiva united with Śakti—using Linga-dhyāna, vibhūti (Tripuṇḍra), and Rudrāksha as supportive disciplines where appropriate.