Rig Veda 8.5.19: Mandala 8, Sukta 5, Mantra 19

Sukta 8.5

Rishi: Kāṇva (Kanva lineage)

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; verify per edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो ह वां मधुनो दृतिराहितो रथचर्षणे । ततः पिबतमश्विना ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.5.19

Transliteration

yó ha vāṃ mádhuno dr̥tír ā́hito rathacárṣaṇe | tátas pibatam aśvinā ||

Translation

يا أشفين، إنَّ قِربةَ الجلدِ المملوءةَ بحلاوةِ العسلِ قد وُضِعَتْ لكما، يا سادتي العربةِ السائرة—فاشرَبا منها، يا أشفين.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he/that which)
• यः: सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (यः = ‘who/which’, correlating to ततः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ह: indeed, surely
• ह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह (निपात)

• वाम्: of you two / you two
• वाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of you two’) / सम्भाव्य कर्म (acc.: ‘you two’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (सर्वनाम)

• मधुनः: of honey, of sweet drink
• मधुनः: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of honey/sweet drink’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु- (प्रातिपदिक)

• दृतिः: skin-bag, leather vessel
• दृतिः: कर्तृ (आहितः इत्यस्य विषयः—‘the skin-bag is placed’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दृति- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘leather bag/skin, vessel’)

• आहितः: placed, set, deposited
• आहितः: — (विशेषण; क्रियाविशेषण-भावः)
• Type: Participle (past passive) / Adjective
• Root: आ-धा (धातु) → आहित- (कृदन्त, क्त)

• रथचर्षणे: O you two of the chariot-going folk / O chariot-lords
• रथचर्षणे: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (compound, vocative) / Epithet
• Root: रथ- + चर्षणि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘men/people’, esp. ‘charioteers/folk’)

• ततः: from there, thence
• ततः: अपादान (source: ‘from there/from that [vessel]’)
• Type: Indeclinable (ablatival adverb) / Pronoun-derived
• Root: तद्- (सर्वनाम) + तसिल् (ablatival) → ततः

• पिबतम्: drink (you two)!
• पिबतम्: क्रिया (कर्तृ: अश्विनौ; कर्म: मधु)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु ‘to drink’)

• अश्विना: O Aśvins (you two)
• अश्विना: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper) / Deity-name
• Root: अश्विन्- (प्रातिपदिक; dual of the Aśvins)