Rig Veda 8.33.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 33, Mantra 4
Sukta 8.33
Rishi: Medhyātithi (named in the verse as addressee; hymn milieu Kāṇva)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Likely Jagatī (needs metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पाहि गायान्धसो मद इन्द्राय मेध्यातिथे । यः सम्मिश्लो हर्योर्यः सुते सचा वज्री रथो हिरण्ययः ॥
Transliteration
pā́hi gāyāndhaso máda índrāya medhyātithe | yáḥ sáṃmiślo háryor yáḥ suté sácā vajrī́ rátho hiraṇyáyaḥ ||
Translation
احفظْ ورنِّم نشوةَ جوهرِ السُّوما لإندرا، يا مِدهياتِثي. فله اقترانُ القوّتَينِ الأشقرتَين (هَرِي)، وله المركبةُ الذهبيّةُ ذاتُ الفَجْرَة (vajra)، تسيرُ في صحبةِ السُّوما المعصور—لكي تُثبَّت فينا طاقةُ الظفر.
Word by Word
पा॒हिprotect! / guard!
पा॒हि:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पाने/रक्षणे)
गायान्cows
गायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक: गो-)
अन्धसःof the Soma-juice / of the drink
अन्धसः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक: अन्धस्-)
मदेin intoxication / in exhilaration
मदे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमद (प्रातिपदिक: मद-)
इन्द्रायfor Indra
इन्द्राय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक: इन्द्र-)
मेध्यातिथेO Medhyātithi
मेध्यातिथे:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper name, vocative)
Rootमेध्यातिथि (प्रातिपदिक: मेध्यातिथि-)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सम्मिश्लःmingled together / closely joined
सम्मिश्लः:
Kartā (as predicate adjective of यः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + मिश्र (प्रातिपदिक: सम्मिश्ल-)
हर्योःof the two bay steeds
हर्योः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक: हरि-)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुतेin the pressed (Soma) / at the pressing
सुते:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun (kṛdanta used substantively)
Rootसु (धातु: सु—सवने) → सुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
सचाtogether with / in company
सचा:
— (क्रियाविशेषण/सहभाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसच् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक: सचा)
वज्रीthe wielder of the thunderbolt
वज्री:
Kartā (apposition to यः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक: वज्रिन्-)
रथःchariot
रथः:
Kartā (apposition; ‘the chariot’)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक: रथ-)
हिरण्ययःgolden / made of gold
हिरण्ययः:
Kartā (predicate adjective of रथः)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्यय (प्रातिपदिक: हिरण्यय-)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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