Rig Veda 4.51.8: Mandala 4, Sukta 51, Mantra 8
Sukta 4.51
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Uṣas
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ता आ चरन्ति समना पुरस्तात्समानतः समना पप्रथानाः । ऋतस्य देवीः सदसो बुधाना गवां न सर्गा उषसो जरन्ते ॥
Transliteration
tā ā cáranti samanā purástāt samānatáḥ samanā paprathānāḥ | ṛtásya devīḥ sádaso budhānā gavā́ṃ ná sárgā uṣáso jarante ||
Translation
يأتينَ متحركاتٍ في انسجامٍ من أمامِ الأشياء؛ على نسقٍ واحد، متسعاتٍ في ناموسٍ واحد. إلهاتُ Ṛta، مستيقظاتٌ إلى مقعدِ الوعي، تنسابُ الفُجورُ كإطلاقِ الأشعّة (كالأبقار)، وهكذا يُوهِنَّ قبضةَ الليل.
Word by Word
ताःthose (fem.), they
ताः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, hither
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
चरन्तिthey move, proceed
चरन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
समानाbeing the same, uniform
समाना:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाना (प्रातिपदिक; सम + √अन्/अस्-भावार्थ, ‘same’)
पुरस्तात्in front, from the fore (in the east/earlier)
पुरस्तात्:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् + तात् (अव्ययीभाव)
समानतःequally, in the same manner
समानतः:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमान + तस् (तसिल्-प्रत्यय)
समानाthe same
समाना:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाना (प्रातिपदिक)
पप्रथानाःspread out, expanded
पप्रथानाः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Root√प्रथ्
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
देवीःgoddesses
देवीः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
सदसःof the seat/assembly (sadas)
सदसः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootसदस् (प्रातिपदिक)
बुधानाःbeing awake/aware, observing
बुधानाः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Root√बुध्
गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
सर्गाःrushings/streams, releases
सर्गाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
उषसःdawns
उषसः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
जरन्तेthey go on/continue; (lit.) they age
जरन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जॄ (जर्) / √जरा (वृद्ध्यर्थ; ‘to grow old/continue’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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