Rig Veda 10.40.9: Mandala 10, Sukta 40, Mantra 9

Sukta 10.40

Devata: Predominantly Aśvinau-context within the hymn; this verse turns to an exemplum of union/mastery (devata not explicitly named in the pāda as given).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

जनिष्ट योषा पतयत्कनीनको वि चारुहन्वीरुधो दंसना अनु । आस्मै रीयन्ते निवनेव सिन्धवोऽस्मा अह्ने भवति तत्पतित्वनम् ॥

Transliteration

janiṣṭha yóṣā patáyat kanīnakaḥ ví cā́ru-hanvī́rudho daṃsanā́ ánu | ā́smāi rīyante nivanéva síndhavo 'smā́ ahné bhavati tát patitvánam ||

Translation

تُولَدُ الفتاةُ؛ ويطيرُ الغلامُ الفتيُّ نحوَها؛ وتتبعُ القوى ذاتُ الفكينِ الحَسَنينِ مهارةَ الصُّنع. وإليه تجري الجداولُ كما إلى منحدرٍ هابط؛ وله، في ذلك اليوم، تقومُ حالةُ السيادة—الزوجيّة.

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Word by Word

• जनि॑ष्ट: was born / came into being
• जनि॑ष्ट: (क्रिया) मुख्यक्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जनि) / jan-

• योषा॑: a young woman / wife
• योषा॑: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: योषा-

• प॒तय॑त्: flying / moving swiftly
• प॒तय॑त्: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पत् (पतति) / pat-

• कनीन॒कः: a young boy / youth
• कनीन॒कः: Kartā (सम्बद्धः) / apposition
• Type: Noun
• Root: कनीनक-

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि

• चारु॑: beautifully, pleasantly
• चारु॑: Karaṇa (रीत्या) / adverbial qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चारु-

• हन्वी॒ः: jaws
• हन्वी॒ः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनु-

• रुधो॑: bars / fastenings / restraints
• रुधो॑: Karma (समुच्चितम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुध्- (रुध्/रुधा- as noun) / rudh-

• दं॒सना॒: wondrous deeds / feats
• दं॒सना॒: Karma (समुच्चितम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दंसना-

• अनु॑: after, along, in accordance
• अनु॑: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• आस्मै॑: to him
• आस्मै॑: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अयम् (इदम्) → अस्मै

• रीयन्ते: they flow / they stream
• रीयन्ते: (क्रिया) मुख्यक्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √री (रीयते) / rī-

• निव॒ने: in the low place / in the basin
• निव॒ने: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: निवन-

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• सिन्ध॑वः: rivers / streams
• सिन्ध॑वः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु-

• अस्मा: to him
• अस्मा: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अयम् (इदम्) → अस्मा

• अह्ने॑: for the day
• अह्ने॑: Sampradāna (काल-प्रयोजनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन्-

• भवति॒: becomes / comes to be
• भवति॒: (क्रिया) मुख्यक्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भवति) / bhū-

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma / predicate-content
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्-

• पतित्व॒नम्: husbandhood / the state of being a पति
• पतित्व॒नम्: Karma / predicate-noun
• Type: Noun
• Root: पतित्वन- (from पति + -त्वन)