Rig Veda 10.34.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 34, Mantra 1
Sukta 10.34
Rishi: Kavasha Ailūṣa (traditional attribution for RV 10.34, the ‘Gambling Hymn’)
Devata: Akṣāḥ (Dice) / implicitly the destructive power of addiction; didactic hymn
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (dominant in RV 10.34; this verse fits triṣṭubh cadence though requires syllable check)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रावेपा मा बृहतो मादयन्ति प्रवातेजा इरिणे वर्वृतानाः । सोमस्येव मौजवतस्य भक्षो विभीदको जागृविर्मह्यमच्छान् ॥
Transliteration
prāvepā́ mā bṛható mādayanti pravāte-jā́ íriṇe várvṛtānāḥ | sómasyeva mauja-vátasya bhakṣó vibhī́dako jā́gṛvir máhyam acchān ||
Translation
ترجفني الرعشاتُ العِظام فتُسكرني—مولودةً من رياحٍ قلِقةٍ، تتدحرج فوق أرضٍ قاحلة. وكجرعةِ سوما من مُوجَفَت، جاءني النَّردُ: ساهرًا، مُفزعًا، ليختطفَ كياني.
Word by Word
प्रावेपाःtremblings, shudderings
प्रावेपाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-√वेप् (वेपते) / वेप (प्रातिपदिक) भाववाचक
माम्me
माम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
बृहतःof the great (one)
बृहतः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) / √बृह्
मादयन्तिthey intoxicate, they madden
मादयन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√मद् (मादयति) caus.
प्रवाते॒जाःwind-born (gusts/impulses)
प्रवाते॒जाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootप्रवातेज (प्रातिपदिक) = प्रवात + -ज (√जन्) तद्धित/समास
इरिणेon the gaming-board / on the dice-ground
इरिणे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootइरिण (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्वृतानाःrolling about, whirling, turning repeatedly
वर्वृतानाः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Root√वृत् (वृणोति/वर्तते) ; कृत्: वर्वृतान (परिपूर्ण/आवृत्त)
सोमस्यof Soma
सोमस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
सम्बन्ध/उपमान
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
मौजवतस्यof the Mujavat (mountain/region)
मौजवतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootमौजवत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘मौज’/‘मूज’ देश/पर्वत-सम्बन्ध)
भक्षःa draught, a gulp (drink)
भक्षः:
कर्तृ/विशेष्य (उपमेय)
TypeNoun
Rootभक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) / √भक्ष्
विभीदकःthe vibhīdaka (die made from the vibhīdaka-nut)
विभीदकः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootविभीदक (प्रातिपदिक)
जागृविःwakeful, ever-awake
जागृविः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple
Root√जागृ (जागर्ति) ; कृत्: जागृवि (जागृवन्-प्रकार)
महिgreatly, mightily
महि:
विशेषण-अव्यय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमहि
अम्me
अम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) — वैदिक एन्क्लिटिक रूप
अच्छान्towards
अच्छान्:
गत्यर्थ-सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छा (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ) + (गत्यर्थ-प्रयोग)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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